1.1 Respiration and Gas Exchange in Plants Flashcards
process in which energy from organic molecules are released to be used in different life processes in an organism
respiration
refers to breakdown of carbohydrates in cells
carb+O2 -> CO2+H2O+energy
respiration
gases are exchanged in the air by animals
breathing
why is respiration in plants not very obvious?
photosynthetic process makes more oxygen than he respiratory process needs
the no. of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis is _____ than what is given off during respiration
higher
what happens in respiration at night?
oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is realeased
why is respiration is higher at night?
light is absent
what is the difference of respiration from breathing
- respiration is a chemical process, while breathing is a physical process
- respiration involves taking oxygen from lungs into the blood stream and cells while breathing involves taking oxygen into lungs
why do plants not need respiratory organs?
oxygen requirements are met by photosynthesis
where does photosynthesis occur?
chloroplasts
what happens when oxygen is directly released into plant cells
minimal gas transport from one plant to another occurs
how does gas exchange occur in small plants
by diffusion
why can gas exchange in plants occur through diffusion?
because leaves and other structures are very thin
how does gas exchange occur in complex plants?
through stomata and lenticels
where does the oxygen that roots absorb come from?
from the air spaces in the soil
what are root hairs?
hair-like extensions of root epidermal cells
are in direct-contact with soil
can oxygen and carbon dioxide easily diffuse in and out of root hairs?
yes
how are oxygen and carbon dioxide absorbed by the roots distributed to other parts of the plant?
through diffusion
what happens when the soil is waterlogged?
roots will not be able to take in oxygen which will affect metabolic processes
it is contained in the layers of dead cells covering the stems of mature and woody plants?
suberin
what other part of a stem can gas exchange occur?
lenticels
the non-subersized pores/openings on corks of mature roots and woody plants
lenticels
they enable exchange of air between air and cells in the interior tissues of the plant
lenticels
what does suberin feel like?
waxy, waterproof, and airproof
where does the gas exchange of a plant occur the most?
in its leaves
what occurs in the plant at daylight?
photosynthesis
carbon dioxide is taken in and oxygen is released
what occurs in the plant during night?
respiration
oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released
this enables the diffusion of gas through the intercellular spaces in the leaves
stomata
it opens when exposed to sunlight
stomata
what regulates opening and closing of the stomata
water
when there is more water, cells are ____ and ____
turgid; open
