1.1 Respiration and Gas Exchange in Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

process in which energy from organic molecules are released to be used in different life processes in an organism

A

respiration

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2
Q

refers to breakdown of carbohydrates in cells

carb+O2 -> CO2+H2O+energy

A

respiration

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3
Q

gases are exchanged in the air by animals

A

breathing

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4
Q

why is respiration in plants not very obvious?

A

photosynthetic process makes more oxygen than he respiratory process needs

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5
Q

the no. of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis is _____ than what is given off during respiration

A

higher

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6
Q

what happens in respiration at night?

A

oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is realeased

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7
Q

why is respiration is higher at night?

A

light is absent

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8
Q

what is the difference of respiration from breathing

A
  • respiration is a chemical process, while breathing is a physical process
  • respiration involves taking oxygen from lungs into the blood stream and cells while breathing involves taking oxygen into lungs
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9
Q

why do plants not need respiratory organs?

A

oxygen requirements are met by photosynthesis

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10
Q

where does photosynthesis occur?

A

chloroplasts

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11
Q

what happens when oxygen is directly released into plant cells

A

minimal gas transport from one plant to another occurs

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12
Q

how does gas exchange occur in small plants

A

by diffusion

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13
Q

why can gas exchange in plants occur through diffusion?

A

because leaves and other structures are very thin

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14
Q

how does gas exchange occur in complex plants?

A

through stomata and lenticels

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15
Q

where does the oxygen that roots absorb come from?

A

from the air spaces in the soil

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16
Q

what are root hairs?

A

hair-like extensions of root epidermal cells

are in direct-contact with soil

17
Q

can oxygen and carbon dioxide easily diffuse in and out of root hairs?

A

yes

18
Q

how are oxygen and carbon dioxide absorbed by the roots distributed to other parts of the plant?

A

through diffusion

19
Q

what happens when the soil is waterlogged?

A

roots will not be able to take in oxygen which will affect metabolic processes

20
Q

it is contained in the layers of dead cells covering the stems of mature and woody plants?

A

suberin

21
Q

what other part of a stem can gas exchange occur?

A

lenticels

22
Q

the non-subersized pores/openings on corks of mature roots and woody plants

A

lenticels

23
Q

they enable exchange of air between air and cells in the interior tissues of the plant

A

lenticels

24
Q

what does suberin feel like?

A

waxy, waterproof, and airproof

25
Q

where does the gas exchange of a plant occur the most?

A

in its leaves

26
Q

what occurs in the plant at daylight?

A

photosynthesis

carbon dioxide is taken in and oxygen is released

27
Q

what occurs in the plant during night?

A

respiration

oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released

28
Q

this enables the diffusion of gas through the intercellular spaces in the leaves

A

stomata

29
Q

it opens when exposed to sunlight

A

stomata

30
Q

what regulates opening and closing of the stomata

A

water

31
Q

when there is more water, cells are ____ and ____

A

turgid; open