1.4 Human Respiratory System

Question 1

What is included in the conduction zone?

Answer 1

• nose
• pharynx
• larynx
• trachea
• bronchi
• bronchioles

Question 2

what is the function of the conduction zone?

Answer 2

a passageway of air that enters and leaves the lungs

Question 3

the conduction zone if a continuous structure, true or false?

Answer 3

true

Question 4

what lines the system of tubules?

Answer 4

a ciliated mucus-secreting epithelium

Question 5

what is the lining of the system of tubules for?

Answer 5

it traps and removes dust particles and pathogens in inhaled air before it reaches the respiration zone

Question 6

where does gas exchange take place?

Answer 6

in the respiration zone

Question 7

what does the nasal cavity do?

Answer 7

it moistens and warms the air entering the nostrils

Question 8

why are nostrils bordered by hair?

Answer 8

it trap and filters particles out of the system

Question 9

if the mouth enters through the mouth, where does it enter?

Answer 9

the pharynx

Question 10

it is the intersection where food and air meets

Answer 10

pharynx

Question 11

what is the trachea?

Answer 11

• the wind pipe
• it lies in front of the esophagus
• it extends into the thorax

Question 12

what lines the walls of the trachea?

Answer 12

ciliated epithelium

Question 13

what strengthens and prevents the trachea from collapsing?

Answer 13

C-shaped bands of cartilage

Question 14

where is the larynx located?

Answer 14

between the glottis and upper end of trachea

Question 15

what is the purpose of the larynx?

Answer 15

it serves as an instrument for vocal communication

Question 16

how does the larynx move when you swallow food?

Answer 16

• larynx moves upward

- the epiglottis tips over the glottis

Question 17

what is the opening of the trachea?

Answer 17

glottis

Question 18

why does the larynx move upward when you swallow food?

Answer 18

it prevents food from going into trachea and into the esophagus

Question 19

why does the glottis remain open when not swallowing?

Answer 19

to ensure continuous breathing

Question 20

what supports the bronchi?

Answer 20

cartilage bands

Question 21

the bronchi progressively divides into smaller branches called ____

Answer 21

bronchioles

Question 22

cartilage is ____ as bronchioles ______ in diameter

Answer 22

lost; decrease

Question 23

these are internal sac-like organs

Answer 23

lungs

Question 24

how do lungs connect to the outside air?

Answer 24

through the tubular passageway

Question 25

how many lungs does a human have?

Answer 25

two

Question 26

how many lobes does each lung have?

Answer 26

• right lung: 3 lobes

- left lung: 2 lobes

Question 27

lobes have their own bronchi that terminate into ______

Answer 27

respiratory bronchioles

Question 28

what arises in lobes?

Answer 28

alveolar ducts

Question 29

how big is a human’s total alveoli?

Answer 29

100m^2

Question 30

the walls of the smallest bronchioles don’t have cartilage but instead ______

Answer 30

large amount of smooth muscle

Question 31

why is the alveolus susceptible to outside particles?

Answer 31

its lac of cilia

Question 32

how does the alveolus engulf pathogens?

Answer 32

it contains white blood cells

Question 33

what happens when the alveolus is exposed to too many pathogens?

Answer 33

it is inflamed of permanently damaged

Question 34

what is the function of phospholid surfactant?

Answer 34

• prevents inward curling of alveoli after every expiration

- decreases surface tension in the lungs

Question 35

what is the respiratory membrane?

Answer 35

the junction layer between endothelial cells of capillary, alveolar epithelial cells and associated basement membrane

Question 36

where do gases move freely across each membrane?

Answer 36

respiratory membrane