16. Edema DSAs Flashcards
Edema is abnormally large amounts of fluid in intercellular spaces, many types: localized due to venous obstruction or lymphatic obstruction, generalized, or anasarca which is?
massive generalized edema
Swelling is transient abnormal enlargement or increased volume of a body part or body area seen with increased engorgement in tissues due to increased BV in dilated vessels— transient eminence or elevation means it is seen with?
local inflammatory reaction to insect bites/etc
What is the main difference between swelling and edema?
There is pitting edema and there is no pitting with swelling
What is impaired fluid return in the lypmhatic system due to hereditary or secondary causes including crush injuries and tropical infections (axillary LN bx)?
Lymphedema (use compression sleeve to help control)
What is the number 1 cause world wide of lymphedema?
Filarial infection (parasite)
What is when fat cells grow and proliferate causing fluid retention around the cells- hard to tell difference from lymphedema?
Lipidema
MCC of edema include CHF, nephrotic syndrome, venous stasis. Nephrotic syndrome sx include: puffy eyes/ankles/skin, abdominal distention, weakness, anorexia sense of feeling sick and?
high cholesterol
Sodium intake, sedentary lifestyle, inc. calorie intake, NSAIDs, along with what can be extrinsic factors that contribute to edema?
Excess alcohol intake (cirrhosis and failure leading to ascites)
For dx: 1. complete hx/pe 2. bloodwork CMP,TSH,CBC 3. CXR-PA and lat 4. EKG (electrocardiogram) 5.
Echocardiogram to determine ventricular wall thickness, myocardial contractility and wall motion abnormalities
BNP should also be odered if CHF is suspected, ANP, (more times BNP than ANP however). If refractory edema d/t Na/ H20 retention then treat with?
(any lymphedema) tx with compression, elevation and gentle exercise
