13. Johnstons Last 2 CIS

Question 1

Palpitations is awareness of heart beat skipping, pounding, thumping, fluttering, intermittent or sustained, benign or cause hemodynamic compromise. Common etiologies are from CAD, HF, VHD, endo/myo/pericarditis, RF, cardiomyopathy, stress anxiety, smoking, alcohol, caffeine..??

Answer 1

nicotine, cocaine, hypoxia, PE, COPD, metabolix acidosis and HTN

Question 2

There is a common clinical triad for heart failure, which includes dyspnea which is the MC symptom, PND (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea- inc. likelihood by 2) and what?

Answer 2

S3 gallop increases chance of HF by 11

Question 3

Systolic heart failure has a reduced ejection fraction and is termed HFrEF. What about diastolic heart failure?

Answer 3

Termed HFpEF because ejection fraction is preserved (doesnt fill all the way due to abnormality)

Question 4

Which of the following increases risk of CV disease by 2-4 times?

Answer 4

Diabetes Mellitis

Question 5

The following are all examples of what type of heart failure?
Hyperthyroid
Pregnancy
Anemia
Beriberi (B1 deficiency)
Pagets dz ( increased bone vascularity)

Answer 5

High output cardiac failure

Question 6

BNP value of less than 100pg/ml reflexts a low likelihood of HF and BNP may be increased with?

Answer 6

Pulmonary Embolism

Question 7

What is the MCC of LV systolic dysfunction?

Answer 7

Ischemic Heart Dz

Question 8

What Stage of ACC/AHA is the following for HF?

Structural heart disease (LVH, red. EF) No symptoms, 1 year mortality 5-10%

Answer 8

Stage B

Question 9

What Stage of ACC/AHA is the following for HF?

At risk for HF (DM, CAD, vasc dz) but no structural heart dz, no sxs, 1yr mortality 5-10%?

Answer 9

Stage A

Question 10

What Stage of ACC/AHA is the following for HF?

Refractory heart failure- v bad, needing biventricular pacemaker, LVAD or transplant with mortality of 50-60%

Answer 10

Stage D

Question 11

What Stage of ACC/AHA is the following for HF?

Structural heart disease, with HF symptoms currently or prior, 1yr mortality 15-30%

Answer 11

Stage C

Question 12

What class of NYHA is the following for HF?
Slight limitation of physical activity, exertional sx with ordinary activity, no sx at rest

Answer 12

Class II

Question 13

What class of NYHA is the following for HF?
No limitation of physical activity, asymptomatic

Answer 13

Class I

Question 14

What class of NYHA is the following for HF?
Unable to carry out physical activities without sx/discomfort, SYMPTOMATIC at REST

Answer 14

Class IV

Question 15

What class of NYHA is the following for HF?
Marked limitations of physical activity, less than ordinary activity causes symptoms but not sx at rest

Answer 15

Class III