16 Flashcards
Bauhaus
Visionary,reformed thinking, democratized arts and crafts approach. Initiated the foundations courses in the modern curriculum.
Walter Gropius
Director of weimar arts and crafts school. German. Decided to merge two Weimar arts and crafts and art academy, renamed Bauhaus. Pursued a curriculum that merged fine arts and applied arts. Believed typography should not be expressive.
Lazlo maholy-Nagy
Made a dramatic shift in Bauhaus toward constructivism. The combo of type and photo, “the new visual literature”. Believed photography was important to posters. Believed The essence of design is the concept. Experimental with photography and photograms, “photoplastics”.
Herbert Bayer
Student of the Bauhaus, then becomes professor. Rejected historical design traditions. Typographer. Wouldn’t use capitals. Moved to the U.S., had a 60 year career.
Five Bauhaus principles
- SAns serif
- Flush left, rag right
- Contrast in size and weight.
- Bars and rule to create hierarchy
- B & W only. One or two bright colors.
Marcel Breuer
Furniture designer. Designed the chair.
Jan tschichold
German, most important contribution was his 2 publications- the new typography. Preferred lower case, liked even less stylized sans serifs than Herbert Bayer liked.
Eric gill
Traditional and modern aesthetic. Spoke about industrialism, didn’t justify all text. Said left aligned was the most legible.
Isotype
An international system of typographic picture education. Alternate to text, thought it could improve literacy. Advent of the info graphic.
Piet zwart
Holland designer not part of Bauhaus, typotect- architect who became a typographer.
Herbert matter
Swiss who made the tourism poster Paula ashear ripped off.
Josef albers
Former Bauhaus student, made professor. Color theorist.
Paul Klee
Joined the Bauhaus staff in 1920. Klee “integrated modern art with the work of non-Western cultures and children to create drawings and paintings that are charged visual communication”
Paul renner
Designed Futura. From Germany. Futura was used a lot in isotype.
The new typography
Book by jan tschichold. Typography should be efficient and machine Like. Type should be set in motion rather than at rest. Type should be elementary and form without embellishment. Stripped of unnecessary elements. White spaces given a new role.
