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Prosthetics > Lab 1: Examination Pt 1 > Flashcards

Lab 1: Examination Pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the more crucial aspect of evaluation of vulnerable feet?

A

Thorough vascular assessment

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2
Q

What are the four locations to assess pulses of the LE?

A
  1. Dorsalis pedis
  2. Posterior tibial
  3. Popliteal
  4. Femoral
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3
Q

What is the equation for calculation ABI?

A

Systolic at the ankle / systolic at the brachium

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4
Q

What is the gold standard assessment for peripheral artery disease?

A

ABI

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5
Q

Should you assess both limbs for ABI, and if so, what values should you use?

A

Yes, assess both limbs. Use the highest value for calculating

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6
Q

What values are considered normal for ABI?

A

1.00 - 1.29

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7
Q

What values are considered borderline for ABI?

A

0.91 - 0.99

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8
Q

What values are considered mild PAD for ABI?

A

0.71 - 0.90

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9
Q

What values are considered medium severe PAD for ABI?

A

0.41 - 0.70

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10
Q

What values are considered severe PAD for ABI?

A

< 0.40

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11
Q

Where should you start a circumferential measurement?

A

Bony landmark: tibial tuberosity, ischial tuberosity, greater trochanter, acromion, olecranon

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12
Q

What distance should your serial measurements be when assessing girth?

A

3-4 cm

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13
Q

What areas of the limb do we need to assess girth for?

A

Any area of the limb that will be within the prosthesis

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14
Q

Describe how to perform pallor with elevation?

A

Start pt is supine and note colors of soles. Elevate legs > 45 degrees and note the color of the soles after one minute

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15
Q

What timeframe is indicative of moderate arterial insufficiency for pallor insufficiency?

A

Pallor with 30-45 seconds of elevation

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16
Q

What timeframe is indicative of mild arterial insufficiency for pallor insufficiency?

A

Pallor with 45-60 seconds of elevation

17
Q

Describe how to assess for rubor of dependency

A

From the test position from pallor of elevation, bring the pt to a sitting position and observe the color of their feet

18
Q

What is indicative of ischemia with rubor of dependency?

A

Feet turn bright red due to significant vasodilation in response to the ischemia

19
Q

What is considered normal for rubor of dependency?

A

Normal color should return within 15-20 seconds

20
Q

What is considered to be severe arterial insufficiency for rubor of dependency?

A

Pallor with elevation within 25 seconds followed by bright red appearance

21
Q

Describe how to assess venous filling time

A

Establish baseline, then elevate leg for about 1 minute or until veins collapse. Then bring to sitting and record time of how long it takes veins to refill

22
Q

What is considered to be normal venous filling time?

A

Refill in 5-15 seconds

23
Q

What venous filling time would be indicative of arterial insufficiency?

A

> 20 seconds

24
Q

What venous filling time would be indicative of venous insufficiency?

A

Immediate refill

25
Q

What is a normal response for capillary refill?

A

Immediately or within several seconds

26
Q

How long do you press on the affected area when assessing for pitting edema?

A

Two seconds

27
Q

What are causes of pitting edema?

A

Localized problems with veins in affected area or systemic problem with heart, kidneys, liver function

28
Q

What are causes of edema without pitting?

A

Thyroid of lymphatic dysfunction

28
Q

What does a score of 0 indicate in terms of pitting edema?

A

Non-pitting

28
Q

What does a score of 1+ indicate in terms of pitting edema?

A

Barely perceptible

29
Q

What does a score of 2+ indicate in terms of pitting edema?

A

Skin rebound < 15 seconds

30
Q

What does a score of 3+ indicate in terms of pitting edema?

A

Skin rebound in 15-30 seconds

31
Q
A
32
Q

What does a score of 4+ indicate in terms of pitting edema?

A

Skin rebound > 30 seconds

32
Q

What are the two main methods of assessing sensation?

A

Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments and tuning forks

32
Q

What is the most common reason for impaired sensation?

A

Diabetes

33
Q

What monofilament is used for sensory assessment?

A

5.07 monofilament

34
Q

How much force and in what direction is needed to bend the monofilament?

A

10 g of perpendicular force

35
Q

What tuning fork is used to assess sensation?

A

128 Hz

Prosthetics (13 decks)

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