15.21 Operation And Monitoring

Question 1

When doing a ground run up what should be done

Answer 1

Positioned into wind, chocks, brakes applied

Question 2

What should be checked to ensure an aircraft can have a test run

Answer 2

Tech log

Question 3

Who should be informed prior to engine test runs

Answer 3

ATC

Question 4

What should be positioned in an engine test run

Answer 4

A fire extinguisher (CO2) or a fire tender

Question 5

What should be used as a datum during an engine run up

Answer 5

The oldest engine

Question 6

What are the three groups of engine monitoring indications

Answer 6

-performance monitoring
-system monitoring
-condition monitoring

Question 7

What is measured in performance monitoring

Answer 7

-EPR
-N1
-N2
-Fuel flow
-Exhaust gas temperature

Question 8

How is EPR measured

Answer 8

Ratio of the jet pipe pressure to the compressor inlet. Gives ratio which is an indication of thrust

Question 9

How do centrifugal compressor engines measure thrust

Answer 9

Measure relationship between engine Rpm And jet pipe temp

Question 10

What can’t axial compressors measure the same parameters as a centrifugal compressor engine

Answer 10

Because engine RPM and thrust have no direct relationship

Question 11

What is measured to indicate power developed on turbo shaft and turbo prop

Answer 11

torque monitoring systems

Question 12

What is engine torque proportional to

Answer 12

Horsepower

Question 13

What are the two types of sensing used on turboprop and turbo shaft engines

Answer 13

Hydro-mechanical and electronic

Question 14

What can accumulation of contaminants on the compressor and turbine section do?

Answer 14

Seriously affect the engines performance

Question 15

What are the containments on the compressor and what do they do?

Answer 15

The containments on the compressor are mostly salts and pollution and reduces the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade

Question 16

In the turbine, the contamination takes the form of sulfidation, what does a build up of this cause?

Answer 16

A build-up of sulphur deposits from the burning fuel which destroys the aerodynamic shape of the turbine blades and the nozzle guide vanes. Over time, it will erode their surface finish (hot corrosion)

Question 17

How do you clean salt out from the engines?

Answer 17

If the major cause of contamination is salt ingestion, a scheduled rinsing of the compressor with fresh water can avoid the harsher chemical treatment which otherwise will be required

Question 18

How can you carry out this cleaning of salt?

Answer 18

This can be carried out either while motoring the engine over on the starter, or while running the engine at idle speed

Question 19

What is this cleaning procedure known as?

Answer 19

It is known as desalination wash

Question 20

What should all engine cleaning be done in accordance with?

Answer 20

Engine manufacturers instructions

Question 21

What should you use in cold conditions if you need to flush the engine?

Answer 21

Only isopropyl alcohol is used

Question 22

What is internal FOD?

Answer 22

Damage or hazards caused by foreign objects inside the aircraft

Question 23

What is tool FOD?

Answer 23

Caused by tools left inside the aircraft following maintenance

Question 24

What are some examples of FOD?

Answer 24

Aircraft parts, rocks, broken pavement, ramp equipment.
Parts from ground vehicles.
Rubbish left on the ramp and/or runway surfaces.
Ice on the wings, propellers, or engine intakes.
Bird strikes to the engines or other sensitive parts of the aircraft.
Dust or ash clogging the air intakes (sandstorms or volcanic ash).
Tools, bolts, metal shavings, lock wire, etc., left inside the aircraft or on the ramp floor following maintenance.

Question 25

Why must all manufactured engines pass a stringent test and what is it?

Answer 25

Involves firing a frozen chicken into a running jet engine from a small cannon or simulate flying through a severe rainstorm this helps them know it will hold up fine

Question 26

What happens if the bird causes a fan to detach?

Answer 26

If the bird strike causes an engine fan blade to detach, the engine fan case must be strong enough to contain the blade and prevent damage or loss of the aircraft

Question 27

What did the early Boeing 737 have?

Answer 27

Gravel runway kit

Question 28

What did the Boeing 737 gravel kit include

Answer 28

The aircraft was fitted with gravel deflectors on the landing gear and screens that prevented gravel from entering the open wheel wells when the gear was extended

Question 29

What did the Boeing 737 gravel kit include

Answer 29

The aircraft was fitted with gravel deflectors on the landing gear and screens that prevented gravel from entering the open wheel wells when the gear was extended