Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 15 > 15.1 Fundamentals > Flashcards

15.1 Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What is a typical way an engine works?

A

Suck, Squeeze, Bang, Blow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a compressors function?

A

Compress/squeeze air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does a compressor do to air?

A

Increases static pressure and reduces velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the typical definition of energy?

A

Something that gives capacity to perform work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What unit is work and energy typically measured in?

A

Joules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two types of energy?

A

Kinetic and potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy is defined as energy in motion where as potential energy is energy that is at rest or stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

Law of inertia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

Interplay between force and motion, F = MxA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Newton’s third law?

A

Law of action and reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the four stages of the brayton cycle (Continuous combustion)?

A

Suck, Squeeze, Bang, Blow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the brayton cycle?

A

Name given to thermodynamic cycle of a gas turbine engine that produce thrust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens at the intake stage?

A

Air enters at ambient pressure and at constant volume, leaves the intake at elevated pressure however decreased volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens at the compress stage?

A

Air is compressed and has a greater pressure and decreased volume which is created by the mechanical action of the compressors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens at the combustion stage?

A

Fuel is added to the air and is ignited in the combustion chamber pressure remains constant but volume increases due to heating. Static pressure is converted into velocity and mechanical energy at the turbine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens at the exhaust section?

A

The converging duct converts expanding volume and decreasing pressure of gases to a high final velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 4 idle changes of state?

A

Isobaric, isochoric, isothermal, isentropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the two most important state changes in gas turbine engines?

A

Isobaric, isentropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What sort of diagram is used to graphically show changes of state?

A

A pressure volume diagram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

On a pressure volume diagram what does point zero represent?

A

Atmospheric conditions (pressure & temp)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the line from point zero to two represent on a pressure volume graph?

A

The isentropic compression of air (pressure increases well volume decreases).
From outside air to end of compressor stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the process between points two and three called on a pv graph?

A

Isobaric heating
Heat added to the air in the combustion chamber by introduction and burning fuel at constant pressure, considerably increasing the volume

23
Q

What does the line from 3 to 5 represent on a pv graph?

A

Isentropic expansion process (gases expand)

24
Q

What is the force equation?

A

Force = mass x acceleration

25
Q

What is the work calculation?

A

Work = Force x Distance

26
Q

What is the power calculation?

A

Power = Force x Distance / time
Power = Work / Time

27
Q

What is the calculation for acceleration?

A

Acceleration = change in velocity / time

28
Q

What is the primary and secondary functions of an engine?

A

Primary function is to provide thrust
Secondary function to procedure hydraulic, pneumatic and electric power

29
Q

What are the two general types of aircraft engines on an aircraft?

A

Piston type engine and gas turbine engines

30
Q

What aren’t piston type engines used at high altitudes?

A

There performance decreases

31
Q

What are the different designs of gas turbine engine on aircraft?

A

Turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, turboshaft

32
Q

What is the benefit of a gas turbine engine?

A

Increased speed
Better at higher altitudes
Can provide bleed air

33
Q

What are the advantages of a turbojet engine?

A

Relatively simple design
Capable of very high speeds
Takes up little space

34
Q

What are the disadvantages of a turbojet engine?

A

High fuel consumption
Loud
Poor performance at slow speeds
Limited in range and endurance

35
Q

Where is the majority of the thrust generated from in a turbofan engine?

A

Through the bypass

36
Q

What are the advantages of a turbofan engine?

A

Fuel efficient
Quieter than turbojets
Streamlined appearance

37
Q

What are the disadvantages of a turbofan engine?

A

Heavier
Larger
Inefficient at very high altitudes

38
Q

Why is a turboprop engine a good compromise?

A

Achievable aircraft speed and efficiency

39
Q

What are the advantages of a turboprop engine?

A

Very fuel efficient

40
Q

What are the disadvantages of a turboprop engine?

A

Limited forward airspeed
Gearing systems are heavy and can breakdown

41
Q

When is a turboshaft engine most commonly used?

A

Helicopter

42
Q

What are the advantages of a turboshaft engine?

A

Mush higher power to weight ratio then piston engines
Smaller than piston engines

43
Q

What are the disadvantages of a turboshaft engine?

A

Loud
Gear systems connected to the shaft can be complex and breakdown

44
Q

What does the low pressure turbine turn in the engine?

A

Low pressure compressor and fan

45
Q

What does the high pressure turbine turn in the engine?

A

High pressure compressor

46
Q

What range is a turboprop engine most efficient in?

A

Speeds between 250-400 knots and altitudes of 18000-30000 feet

47
Q

What does a two spool engine consist of?

A

Low pressure turbine and a high pressure turbine

48
Q

What does a three spool engine consist of?

A

Low pressure turbine, intermediate pressure turbine and high pressure turbine

49
Q

What typical materials are usually found on jet engines?

A

Aluminium alloy
Ceramic material
Composite material
Cobalt base alloy
Nickel base alloy
Corrosion resistant steel alloy
Titanium base alloy

50
Q

What are the differences between a reciprocating engine and a gas turbine engine?

A

On a reciprocating engine the functions of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust all take place in the same combustion chamber ,where as a gas turbine engine has separate sections that are dedicated to performing each function simultaneously without interruption

51
Q

What does a typical gas turbine engine consist of?

A

An air inlet (fan blades)
Compressor section (Low-pressure Compressor (LPC) and High-pressure Compressor (HPC))
Combustion section (diffuser and combustor)
Turbine section (Low-pressure Turbine (LPT) and High-pressure Turbine (HPT))
Exhaust section (Turbine Exhaust Case (TEC))
Accessory section (main gearbox)

52
Q

Where is the cold section on an engine?

A

the parts of the engine from the inlets up through the compressors and/or diffusers

53
Q

Where is the hot section on an engine?

A

past the compressors from the combustion chambers through to the exhaust

Module 15 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions