1.5.1 Shapes of Simple Molecules & Ions (Physical Chemistry) Flashcards
The valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR) predicts
the shape and bond angles of molecules
Electrons are negatively charged and will
repel other electrons when close to each other
In a molecule, the bonding pairs of electrons will repel other electrons around the
central atom
In a molecule, the bonding pairs of electrons will repel other electrons around the central atom forcing
the molecule to adopt a shape in which these repulsive forces are minimised
When determining the shape and bond angles of a molecule, the following VSEPR rules should be considered:
- Valence shell electrons are
those electrons that are found in the outer shell
When determining the shape and bond angles of a molecule, the following VSEPR rules should be considered:
- Electron pairs
repel each other as they have the same charge
When determining the shape and bond angles of a molecule, the following VSEPR rules should be considered:
- Lone pair electrons
repel each other more than bonded pairs
When determining the shape and bond angles of a molecule, the following VSEPR rules should be considered:
- Repulsion between multiple and single bonds is treated the same as for
repulsion between single bonds
When determining the shape and bond angles of a molecule, the following VSEPR rules should be considered:
- Repulsion between pairs of double bonds
are greater
When determining the shape and bond angles of a molecule, the following VSEPR rules should be considered:
- The most stable shape is adopted to
minimize the repulsion forces
Different types of electron pairs have different
repulsive forces
Different types of electron pairs have different repulsive forces
- Lone pairs of electrons have
a more concentrated electron charge cloud than bonding pairs of electrons
Different types of electron pairs have different repulsive forces,
- In lone pairs the cloud charges are
wider and closer to the central atom’s nucleus
Different types of electron pairs have different repulsive forces
- The order of repulsion is
lone pair – lone pair > lone pair – bond pair > bond pair – bond pair
Different types of electron pairs have different repulsive forces diagram
Molecules can adapt the following shapes and bond angles:
linear shape molecule diagram
trigonal planar shape molecule diagram
non linear (bent) shape molecule diagram
pyramidal shape molecule diagram
tetrahedral shape molecule diagram
trigonal bipyramidal shape molecule diagram
octahedral shape molecule diagram
linear example
trigonal planar example
non linear example
pyramidal example
tetrahedral example
trigonal bipyramidal example
octaheral example
Draw the shape of the following molecule:
- Phosphorus(V) chloride
Draw the shape of the following molecule:
- N(CH3)3
Draw the shape of the following molecules:
- CCl4
