1.4.2 Ionic Bonding Flashcards
As a general rule
metals are on the left of the periodic table and nonmetals are on the right-hand side
Ionic bonding involves
the transfer of electrons from a metallic element to a non-metallic element
Transferring electrons usually leaves the metal and the non-metal with a
full outer shell
Metals
lose electrons from their valence shell
Metals lose electrons from their valence shell forming
positively charged cations
Non-metal atoms
gain electrons
Non-metal atoms gain electrons forming
negatively charged anions
Once the atoms become ions, their electronic configurations are the same as
a noble gas
A potassium ion (K+) has the same electronic configuration
as argon: [2,8,8]+
A chloride ion (Cl-) also has the same electronic configuration as
argon: [2,8,8]-
Forming cations by the removal of electrons from metals diagram
Forming anions by the addition of electrons to nonmetals diagram
Cations and anions are
oppositely charged and therefore attracted to each other
Electrostatic attractions are formed between
the oppositely charged ions to form ionic compounds
The ionic bond is
the electrostatic attraction formed between the oppositely charged ions, which occurs in all directions ( this called non-directional bonding)
Cations and anions bond together using strong electrostatic forces, which require a lot of energy to overcomemdiagram
Ionic solids are arranged in lattice structures diagram
