15 - One Welfare Flashcards
Five domains of welfare
- nutrition
- physical environment
- health
- behavioural interaction
- mental/affective state
Welfare is determined by…
- combination of physical and mental state
- ability of individual to have control over and cope with stressors
- opportunities for positive experiences, not just avoiding unpleasant ones
What is one welfare
Intersection of human and animal wellbeing and the environment
One welfare affects…
food security, climate change and loss of biodiversity
Studies on affect of animals on peoples health and wellbeing show…
- decreased BP
- increased socialization and community
- increased physical exercise
- healthy weight maintenance
- sense of companionship
- decreased anxiety and depression
How can animal welfare issues negatively affect our welfare too?
- social determinants (finances, community, housing)
- animal health, welfare, behaviour are often stressful to human stakeholders
- lack of infrastructure support
- human mental health issues and lack of identification and support them
How is violence toward animals related to violence towards humans
- violence towards animals is an accurate predictor of human-directed violence
- threats to animal welfare used as leverage in abusive situations
One welfare approach to the violence link
- provide resources and safe havens for victims of violence with pets
- recognize animal cruelty as an indicator of potential human abuse and vice versa
- increase collaboration between educators, veterinarians, human health and welfare professionals, law enforcement
Slide 12
Diagram
What are strong predicators of animal welfare in both companion animal and livestock settings
Mental health issues and/or social determinants
Dog owner mental health is associated with…
dog behavioural problems, dog care and dog-facilitated social interaction
Describe the COVID 19 one welfare case study
“Pandemic puppies”
Impulse animal adoptions lead to regret = animal welfare issues
Increased use in aversive training tools and methods (poor education, mental health issues)
How did low income status compound the effects of COVID 19
Had further restriction to veterinary services
COVID 19 impacts on livestock supply chain (6)
- shortage of labour and services (decreased vet care, welfare audits)
- shortage of animals, feed, drugs, vaccines, machinery, etc
- low purchasing power in consumers
- global and domestic market lockdown
- travel bans, bottlenecks, border control, restricted imports/export
- closure of slaughterhouses, processing plants
Slide 18, 19
When was avian influenza identified by the CFIA? How many birds have died?
2021
7 million birds in commercial and small scale flocks culled or died
Affect of avian influenza on producers
- seem to have experienced PTSD like phenomenon (esp related to bird mortality)
- some hesitancy to contact vets for bird mortality (avoidance = stress response)
BUT increased supports and social community in time of crisis
How is the environment affecting bird populations? Leads to…
Decreasing bird populations in urban areas due to city lights, traffic noise, lack of habitat
Leading to increased insect populations, increased potential for vector-borne disease, negative effect on ecosystem
Application of one welfare framework in the thoroughbred racing industry
Racehorse welfare: nutrition, environment, behaviour, breeding, racing, aftercare
Human welfare: jockeys, stud personnel, veterinarians, health and safety, work env
Environmental impacts: water management, energy, transport, waste management
Concerning findings about Canadian veterinarian wellbeing
- vet mental wellbeing negatively associated with client satisfaction
- ~24% of those surveyed had contemplated suicide in previous year
- > 30% reported mental health issues
In a survey of more than 1100 farmers… What are farmers main stressors?
35% met criteria for depression
40% uneasy seeking professional help
Most stressors are out of the farmers control (weather, regulation, debt, long hours)
What is the Sentinel Program in Quebec
Producer-veterinarian relationship allows for surveillance of potential mental health issues in livestock producers
One welfare is a call to…
Improve animal welfare in order to improve human welfare and vice versa
Name two integrated one welfare initiatives
- Community outreach to provide vet services for indigenous, marginalized, and remote communities
- Alberta SPCA one family welfare: facilitates a pet sakeeping program, crisis care
True one welfare integration needs…
to be based on all 3 components: environment, human wellbeing, animal wellbeing
One welfare should be considered…
An integral part of one health rather than a supplementary concept
