1.5 Kinetics Flashcards
What is collision theory?
For particles to react they must collide with each other and have enough energy to react
What is activation energy?
The minimum energy that particles need to react with each other
What equation can be used to work out the rate of a reaction?
Rate = change in concentration of reactants or products / time
What do Maxwell-Boltzmann curves show?
The distribution of the differing energies of particles in a reaction
What is the highest peak in a Maxwell-Boltzmann curve?
The most probable energy of a particle
Where is the average energy of a particle on a Maxwell-Boltzmann curve?
Slightly to the right of the most probable energy (as there are particles with very high energy)
What factors can affect the rate of a reaction ?
- Temperature
- Pressure
- Catalyst
- Surface area
- concentration
What is a homogenous catalyst?
A catalyst in the same state as reactants
What is a heterogeneous catalyst?
A catalyst in a different state to the reactants
Explain why temperature increases the rate of reaction
The particles move faster and collide more often, many more particles have greater energy (above activation energy), so are therefore more likely to react when they collide
Explain why higher concentration or high pressure increases the rate of a reaction
There are more particles per unit volume, so particles are closer and they collide more often, with more chance of successful collisions
