1.5. Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What do we call the transfer of DNA from one organism to another using biotechnology?

Answer 1

Genetic engineering

Question 2

What do we call the organism (living thing) receiving the DNA by genetic engineering?

Answer 2

Genetically modified (GM)

Question 3

What do we call the sequence of DNA that codes for one particular protein?

Answer 3

Gene

Question 4

What do we call the combination of genes an organism has?

Answer 4

Genotype

Question 5

What do we call the physical characteristics of an organism, controlled by the genotype?

Answer 5

Phenotype

Question 6

Name the small, circular piece of DNA located in the cytoplasm of many bacteria.

Answer 6

Plasmid

Question 7

What are used to cut out the desired gene from the DNA of the source chromosome?

Answer 7

Enzymes

Question 8

1st stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 8

Identify the DNA that contains the required gene

Question 9

After you have identified the DNA that contains the required gene, what next?

Answer 9

Cut out the required gene with an enzyme

Question 10

After you have cut out the required gene with an enzyme, what next?

Answer 10

Extract the plasmid from the bacteria

Question 11

After you have extracted the plasmid from the bacteria, what next?

Answer 11

Cut open plasmid with enzymes and insert the desired gene into the plasmid

Question 12

After you have inserted the desired gene into the plasmid, what next?

Answer 12

Insert modified plasmid into a different bacterial cell

Question 13

After you have inserted the modified plasmid back into the plasmid, what next?

Answer 13

The bacteria are multiplied