15. Fuels and Crude Oil

Question 1

How are fossil fuels formed?

Answer 1

• Fossil Fuels are formed from decayed plants and animals from millions of years ago.
• Fossil Fuels mainly contained only carbon and hydrogen known as hydrocarbons

Question 2

Combustion process

Answer 2

• When fossil fuels are burnt in the presence of oxygen, the main products formed are carbon dioxide and water

Question 3

Natural gas

Answer 3

• natural gas is the common fossil fuels
• Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuels consisting of methane
• Natural gas is colourless and odourless

Question 4

Crude oil

Answer 4

• crude oil (petroleum) contains a mixture of hydrocarbons

Question 5

Non-renewable sources of energy

Answer 5

1. Crude oils and Natural gas
2. limited quantities
3. Takes an extraordinarily long time to form

Question 6

Fractional distillation of Crude oil:

Answer 6

• Crude oil is separated into useful fractions by fractional distillations
• Hottest at the bottom of the fractional distillation
• The fractions with higher boiling points condense at higher temperature and are collected at lower levels of the column

Question 7

The order of the uses of crude oil in the column:

Answer 7

Highest——–lowest:
1. Fuel for cooking and heating
2. Fuel for motorcars
3. Feedstock for making petrochemicals
4. Fuel for aircraft engines, cooking
5. Fuel for diesel engines in buses
6. for lubricating materials
7. for making road surfaces

Question 8

Renewable energy

Answer 8

1. Biofuels
2. They come from plants or animals
3. They can be replaced quick
4. They are considered more environmentally sustainable