1.5 Flashcards
What is a genome?
The genome of an organism is its entire heredity information encoded in DNA. A genome is made up of genes and other DNA sequences that do not code for proteins.
What happens in genomic sequencing?
In genomic sequencing, the sequence of nucleotide bases can be determined for individual genes and entire genomes.
What were computer programs used for?
Computer programs can be used to identify base sequences by looking for sequences similar to known genes. To compare sequence data, computer and statistical analyses (bioinformatics) are required.
What is bioformatics?
the name given to the fusion of molecular biology, statistical analysis and computer technology.
It is an advancing and developing area of Biology that allows scientists to carry out rapid mapping and analysis of DNA sequences on a huge scale and
compare them.
What lead to personalised medicine?
Analysis of an individual’s genome may predict the likelihood of developing certain diseases and in the future lead to personalised medicine (pharmacogenomics).
What is pharmacognetics?
Pharmacogenetics is the use of genome information in the choice of drugs. An individual’s personal genome sequence can be used to select the most effective drugs and dosage to treat their disease (personalised medicine). This would ideally increase drug effectiveness while reducing side effects.
Give three uses of genome analysis
- analysis of the genome can be used to predict the likelihood of certain diseases
- trace migration of humans
- to research inherited disorders and develop potential treatments
