14.5 Italy's ability to manage volcanic hazards case study

Question 1

Describe Italy’s tectonic setting:

Answer 1

Situated on several fracture zones where the African and Eurasian plates meet

Question 2

Modifying the event: what methods have contributed to local-scale success

Answer 2

Earth barriers
Large concrete blocks dropped into lava flow
Channels dug to divert lava away from settlement

Question 3

Modifying vulnerability: what is the main body for decision-making regarding volcanoes

Answer 3

Volcano Risk Service (CFCRV)

Question 4

Modifying vulnerability: what does the CFCRV do?

Answer 4

• Long-term analysis of eruption patterns
• International comparison with similar eruptions
• Constant monitoring eg seismometers, analysis of gas emissions
• Well-established alert-level sequence understood by all
• Closure of airports and air space when there is a threat of ash
• Research into building designs

Question 5

Modifying loss: what does the Italian government have the ability to do?

Answer 5

Has the resources to compensate individuals and businesses and restore infrastructure

Question 6

Modifying loss: why have casualties been minimal?

Answer 6

Timely evacuation based on accurate data + well-trained public services