14.5 Indonesia's ability to manage volcanic hazards case study Flashcards
Modifying vulnerability: name of main body for dealing with volcanoes + when was it established?
Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) established in 1920
Modifying vulnerability: what is the key division of the CVGHM +what does it do?
Volcano Observation Section – constructed permanent observatories on several active volcanoes
Modifying vulnerability: where and where was the first seismograph set up?
Mount Merapi in 1924 (limited tech due to insufficient funding)
Modifying vulnerability: how many volcanoes are monitored today?
More than 60
Modifying vulnerability why is the threat of lahars particularly high?
High quantities of ash emitted from volcanoes combined with the humid tropical climate meaning high levels of rainfall
Modifying vulnerability: when is threat of lahars largest?
Between November and March, the rainy season
Modifying vulnerability: what other body has been set up?
National Agency for Disaster Management
Modifying vulnerability: what has the National Agency for Disaster Management implemented?
Lahar sensors and closed-circuit television to monitor locations at risk
Modifying vulnerability: what precautions have been taken on Mount Merapi?
- Permanent settlement is forbidden on highest slopes around the crater
- Villagers on southern slopes encouraged to relocate to safe zones through incentives eg small plot of land
Modifying loss: what resources are available?
- Well-trained and well-equipped emergency services eg military
- Temporary shelters in safe zones
Modifying loss: what have the authorities done?
Cleared river channels of volcanic material and other debris to reduce risk of flooding and contain lahars – material can be used for rebuilding
Modifying vulnerability: who does the CVGHM work closely with?
Local governments advising them on mitigation strategies eg community preparedness
