1.4.4 Motivation theory

Question 1

what is Taylors theory

Answer 1

• scientific management
• work study: identify the most efficient methods of production
• identify: spot the efficient workers and see why they’re so good
• train: train the remaining staff to work like the best
• reward: pay workers based on productivity

Question 2

what is Mayo’s theory

Answer 2

• human relations management
• workers have social needs that influence their motivation
• more human/social factors played in productivity such as forming bonds with workers
• working alongside other people developed productivity as workers had social needs

Question 3

what is Hertzberg’s theory

Answer 3

• two-factor theory
• motivators were key to success
• motivators - factors that directly motivate people to work harder
• hygiene: factors that can de-motivate if not present but do not actually motivate employees to work harder
• need to make sure motivators are in place and ensure that hygiene factors are met

Question 4

what is Maslow’s theory

Answer 4

• hierarchy of needs
  1. self actualisation - intellectual needs, fulfilling potential, achieving targets
  2. esteem self respect, level of status
  3. social - feeling wanted, sense of belonging, part of a team
  4. safety - safe working environment, job security
  5. Psychological basic needs