1.4.1 The development of National Markets

Question 1

Why was the development of national markets necessary?

Answer 1

The gradual population growth in towns led to an increased demand for food, and traditional markets were no longer fit for purpose.

Question 2

Year and description: The first Turnpike Act

Answer 2

1663
allowed for the creation of brand new toll roads opened

authorised a trust to levy tolls on those using the road and to use that income to repair and improve the road.

Question 3

The demand for food was most evident in… where shipments of…

Answer 3

London

grain brought to the city via the Thames increased from 500,`000 quarters in 1605 to 1,150,000 in 1661.

Question 4

The demands of London and other towns necessitated…

Answer 4

better organisation of the Markets

Question 5

in order for national markets to develop, … needed to improve.

Answer 5

the transport infrastructure`

Question 6

What was crucial if markets were to develop?

Answer 6

Water transport

Question 7

At the start of the 17th century, many rivers weren’t..

Answer 7

navigable for their entire length.

Question 8

in order for national markets to develop it required what

Answer 8

1- Improved Roads and infrastructure

2- Specialist merchants who would source stock to be taken to market.

Question 9

Market gardens began to develop in london such as

Answer 9

Whitechapel provided fresh food for the London market.

Question 10

When was the first road atlas published and by who

Answer 10

by John Ogilby in 1675 = 300 page book= regarded for its accuracy = essatial reading for merchants by the end of the century = so shows development of national market as it wouldn’t have been written if it wasn’t necessary or a need for it. Uno just make an argument about it

Question 11

Water transport was crucial if ….. were to develop

Answer 11

Markets

Question 12

The …. and …. of rivers began under … times and by the end of …C the ….. and ….. were used to transport…….

Answer 12

1 - dredging and widening
2- Ouse and Thames
3- manufactured goods as well as agricultural produce.

Question 13

Why did national markets not develop as clearly in Scotland and Ireland?

Answer 13

• Transport was inadequate and the government was reluctant to invest heavily in improving agriculture there.
• Ireland was viewed as a colonial possession with few towns large enough to create a market system
• was difficult to provide effective communication in the Scottish Highland.
• Scotland’s agricultural land was of varied quality.

Question 14

Increase interest in national market for commerical farming and regional specialisation is illustrated by the?

Answer 14

Royal society in 1661 conducting a survey of new farming techniques as a means of aiding improvement in agriculture.

Question 15

Why was the dominance of the London market not entirely beneficial to the economy as a whole?

Answer 15

The huge demand for food in the capital drained the resources of other communities in the South East, reducing the standard of living in those areas.

Question 16

Give an example of the high demand for food in London draining areas such as the South East of their resources.

Answer 16

The prices of basic agricultural commodities in 1650 were 6 timed higher than they were in 1500.