1.4 vocab Flashcards
Case-control study
A type of epidemiologic study where a group of individuals with the diseases, referred to as cases, are compared to individuals without the disease, referred to as controls
Cohort study
A type of epidemiologic study where a group of exposed individuals (individuals who have been exposed to the potential risk factor) and a group of non-exposed individuals are followed over time to determine the incidence of disease
DNA ligase
A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication and recombinant DNA techniques
Epidemic
Affecting an atypically large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time
Epidemiology
A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population
Herd immunity
The resistance of a group to an attack by a disease to which a large proportion of the members of the group are immune
Inoculation
The introduction of a pathogen or antigen into a living organism to stimulate the production of antibodies
Plasmid
A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome
Recombinant DNA
A DNA molecule made in vitro with segments from different sources
Restriction enzyme
A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA
Vaccination
A procedure that presents the immune system with a harmless variant of a pathogen, thereby stimulating the immune system to mount a long-term defense against the pathogen
Vaccine
A harmless variant of a pathogen that stimulates a host’s immune system to mount defenses against the pathogen
