14) Metabolism and Intracellular Enzymes Flashcards
Enzymes are mostly used in metabolism, and metabolism refers to all of the reactions that happen in the body.
There are two types of metabolic reactions:
A____________
C____________
Anabolic
Catabolic
Anabolic reactions are reactions that b________ m__________.
build molecules
Catabolic reactions are metabolic reactions that b______ d_______
molecules.
break down
Enzymes often work together to produce more c_______ products by using the p_______ of one reaction as the s_______ for a second.
complex
products
substrate
There is often a series of enzymes working together to form a m______ p_______.
metabolic pathway
Intracellular Enzymes are enzymes that work w_____ c______.
within cells
Enzymes can work both i__ and o___ of the intracellular environment.
in
out
Intracellular Enzymes can be in the c______ or o_________.
cytoplasm
organelles
Intracellular Enzymes work in 2 types of i_______ e_________.
intracellular environment
- F_____ m_____ in the c________ and o__________
free moving
cytoplasm
organelles
- f______ in p_______ by binding with a cell m_______
fixed in place
membrane
Intracellular enzymes can affect both the s_______ and the f________ of the biological molecules.
structure
function
The effect that the intracellular enzymes can have on the structure and function of the biological molecules can be seen in the following example:
Enzymes can turn A___ into A___ (= the universal energy currency of cells)
Looking at the diagram we can see that the enzyme has altered the structure of the molecule by adding a ph_______ group to the ADP to convert it into A____.
The function is also changed when it becomes ATP, a functioning e_______ c________.
ADP
ATP
phosphate
ATP
energy currency
Enzymes also control the process of D__ r_____.
DNA replication
The ability to replicate our D___ is really important in making new c____.
DNA
cells
Catalase breaks down p________ h__________ p________ into w_______ and o________.
poisonous hydrogen peroxide
water
oxygen
Catalase has a turnover rate of ____ ___________ __________ of h________ p________ per second!
6 million molecules
hydrogen peroxide
