14. Learning Disability Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Definition of a Learning Disability?

A

A Condition of Arrested / Incomplete Development of the Mind

Note - This is the same as “Mental Handicap”

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2
Q

What are the Characteristics of Learning Disabilities?

A

Impairment of Skills manifested during the Developmental Period, which contribute to the Overall Level of Intelligence:

  1. Cognitive Abilites
  2. Language Abilities
  3. Motor Abilities
  4. Social Abilities
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3
Q

What are the Criteria for Diagnosis of a Learning Disability?

A
  1. Intellectual Impairment (I.Q. < 70)
  2. Social / Adaptive Dysfunction - Deficits in 2+ of:
  3. a) Communication / Social Skills / Academics
  4. b) Self-Care / Health and Safety / Home Living
  5. c) Self-Direction / Community Use / Leisure / Work
  6. Onset in the Developmental Period (< 18 Years Old)
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4
Q

What are the Different Classifications of Learning Disability?

A
  1. Mild Learning Disability - I.Q. of 50-69
  2. Moderate Learning Disability - I.Q. of 35-49
  3. Severe Learning Disability - I.Q. of 20-34
  4. Profound Learning Disability - I.Q. of <20
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5
Q

What is the Aetiology of Learning Disabilities?

A
  1. Genetic
  2. Infective - Rubella (Ante-natal) vs Meningitis / Encephalitis (Post-Natal)
  3. Toxic - Foetal Alcohol Syndrome
  4. Trauma - Birth Asphyxia / Head Injury
  5. Unknown
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6
Q

What are the Common other Physical Conditions associated with Learning Disabilities?

A
  1. Epilepsy
  2. Sensory Impairment - Hearing (40%) / Vision (20%)
  3. Obesity
  4. Gastrointestinal - GORD / H. Pylori / Consiptaion
  5. Respiratory - Infection / Aspiration Pneumonia
  6. Cerebral Palsy
  7. Orthopaedic - Joint Contractures / Osteoporosis
  8. Dermatology / Dental Problems
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7
Q

What are the Mental Health Problems associated with Learning Disabilities?

A
  1. Schizophrenia / Psychosis
  2. Mood Disorders
  3. OCD - Ritualistic Behaviour
  4. Autism - 2/3 have a L.D.
  5. Over-Activity Syndromes - ADHD
  6. Challenging Behavour and Self-Injury
  7. Forensic Psychiatry
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