1.2. Affective (Mood) Disorders - Mania

Question 1

What is Mania?

Answer 1

1. A State of Feeling (or Mood) that can range from near-normal to severe (life threatening illness)
2. This is a form of Pathological, Inappropriate Elevated Mood

Question 2

What is Mania often associated with?

Answer 2

1. Grandiose Ideas
2. Disinhibition
3. Loss of Judgement
4. Similarities to the Mental Effects of Stimulant Drugs

Question 3

What are the Emphasized Areas in which Mania will become Abnormal?

Answer 3

1. Persistence of Symptoms
2. Pervasiveness of Symptoms
3. Degree of Impairment
4. Presence of Specific Symptoms / Signs

Question 4

What are the ICD-10 Range of Diagnosis of Mania?

Answer 4

1. F30.0 - Hypomania
2. F30.1 - Mania without Psychotic Symptoms
3. F30.2 - Mania with Psychotic Symptoms
4. F30.8 - Other Manic Episodes
5. F30.8 - Manic Episodes, Unspecified

Question 5

What are the Features of Hypomania?

Answer 5

1. Lesser Degree of Mania, No Psychosis
2. Mild Elevation of Mood for Several Days on End
3. Increased Energy / Activity - Feeling of Wellbeing
4. Increased Sociability / Talkativeness / Over-Familiarity / Sexual Energy
5. May be Irritable / Reduced Need for Sleep
6. Concentration Reduced / New Interests / Mild Overspending
7. No Severe Disruption of Work / Social Rejection

Question 6

What are the Features of Mania?

Answer 6

1. 1 Week, severe enough to Disrupt Ordinary Work / Social Activities
2. Elevated Mood / Increased Energy / Overactivity / Pressure of Speech / Decreased need for Sleep
3. Disinhibition
4. Grandiosity
5. Alteration of Senses
6. Extravagant Spending
7. Can be irritable rather than Elated

Question 7

What is the Differential Diagnosis of Mania?

Answer 7

1. Mixed Affective State
2. Schizoaffective Disorder
3. Schizophrenia
4. Cyclothymia
5. ADHD
6. Drugs / Alcohol
7. Medical - Stroke / MS / Tumour / Epilepsy / AIDS

Question 8

What are the Tools to Measure Symptoms?

Answer 8

1. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID)
2. Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN)
3. Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)

Question 9

What is the Treatment of Mania?

Answer 9

1. Antipsychotics - Olanzapine / Risperidone / Quetiapine
2. Mood Stabilisers - Sodium Valproate / Lamotrigene / Carbamazipine
3. Lithium
4. Electroconvulsive Therapy