135 - Topical, Respiratory

Question 1

State a condition where using topical corticosteroids in the eyes is contraindicated”

Answer 1

Corneal ulceration

Question 2

List the components to general treatment of ear conditions:

Answer 2

Cleaning agents
Drying agents
Anti parasitic agents
Antibiotics
Anti inflammatories

Question 3

Define seborrhea and its two forms:

Answer 3

Disease of sebaceous glands, causing dry to oily, flaky skin
Oily
Dry

Question 4

List the classes / categories of medications used in treating dermal conditions:

Answer 4

Keratolytics
Antiseptics
Antifungals
Iodine compounds
Chlorhexidine

Question 5

The cough reflex has what neurological control

Answer 5

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 6

What type of reflex is the cough reflex:

Answer 6

Parasympathetic reflex

Question 7

What is the difference between a productive and non-productive cough:

Answer 7

Productive cough produces a substance - fluid, mucus, etc

Nonproductive cough does not produce and is more due to tissue irritation or stimulation and sounds dry

Question 8

Explain why we might not want to suppress every cough:

Answer 8

Sometimes something needs to be expelled (mucus, fluid, foreign body)

Question 9

What is the role of bronchodilators in the treatment of respiratory diseases:

Answer 9

Dilate bronchus and bronchioles to allow easier air passage

Achieved by: smooth muscle stimulation to relax
Stimulating CNS with a side effect of bronchodilation
Via beta 2, blocks acetylcholine transmission
Blocks damaging histamine effects
Ca interference with muscle contractions

Question 10

In what types of conditions besides respiratory ones would bronchodilators be used:

Answer 10

Cardiac stimulation
Organophosphate or carbamate toxicity
Anaphylaxis and other allergic reactions

Question 11

Name the categories of bronchodilators.

Answer 11

Beta 2 adrenergic agonist
Methylxanthines
Cholinergic blockers
Antihistamines

Question 12

How does each group work:

Answer 12

Beta 2 adrenergic agonist: stimulate smooth muscles to relax

Methylxanthines: interfere with Ca mobilization and muscle contraction

Cholinergic blockers: block acetylcholine transmission

Antihistamines: block damaging effects of histamine

Question 13

For what and when would a respiratory stimulant be used:

Answer 13

Apnea
Medication induced respiratory depression
Seizures
Arrhythmias
Hypertension

Question 14

Name three delivery systems for antibiotics into the respiratory system.

Answer 14

Nebulization/ aerosol
Oral
Injectable

Question 15

What other types of therapy are used in respiratory conditions:

Answer 15

Antibiotics
Corticosteroids
Oxygen
Diuretics