1.3.4 - Web Technologies

Question 1

What is HTML?

Answer 1

Hypertext Markup Language is a programming language that is used to write web pages.

Question 2

What are the two sections of an HTML webpage?

Answer 2

Head and body.

Question 3

What is the HTML syntax for a heading?

Answer 3

<h1>, <h2>, ... <h6>

In order of decreasing size.</h6></h2></h1>

Question 4

What is the HTML syntax for a paragraph?

Answer 4

<p></p>

Question 5

What is the HTML syntax for an image?

Answer 5

<img></img>

Question 6

What is the HTML syntax for a hyperlink?

Answer 6

<a> Link text </a>

Question 7

What is the HTML syntax for an ordered list?

Answer 7

<ol>
<li> Item 1 </li>
<li> Item 2 </li>
</ol>

Question 8

What is the HTML syntax for an unordered list?

Answer 8

<ul>
<li> Item 1 </li>
<li> Item 2 </li>
</ul>

Question 9

What does the div tag do?

Answer 9

Divides the page into separate areas which can be uniquely referred to by name.

Question 10

What is the syntax for a named division?

Answer 10

div id = “page”

Question 11

What is CSS?

Answer 11

Cascading style sheets is a language used to determine the style of the webpage.

Question 12

What is embedded CSS?

Answer 12

Where CSS is placed inside the style tags directly into the HTML document.

Question 13

What is external CSS?

Answer 13

Where CSS is written on a separate document and a link is provided in the header.

Question 14

What is the syntax to link an external CSS sheet?

Question 15

In terms of CSS, what is a class?

Answer 15

A way of applying a particular CSS style to multiple elements.

Question 16

In terms of CSS, what is an identifier?

Answer 16

A way of applying a particular CSS style but only to a single element.

Question 17

What is JavaScript?

Answer 17

A programming language that is used to add interactivity to websites such as mini-games or validating forms.

Question 18

Is JavaScript interpreted or compiled?

Answer 18

Interpreted.

Question 19

What are the advantages of using JavaScript?

Answer 19

The local computer can deal with invalid data before it goes to the servers which ease the load on busy servers.

Reduces web traffic.

Question 20

What is the JavaScript syntax for changing an attribute of an HTML element?

Answer 20

element = document.getElementById("example");
element.innerHTML = "Hello world";

Question 21

What is the JavaScript syntax for writing directly to the document?

Answer 21

document.write(“Hello world”);

Question 22

What is the JavaScript syntax for displaying an alert box?

Answer 22

alert(“Hello world”);

Question 23

What is a search engine?

Answer 23

A program that searches through a database of internet addresses looking for resources based on criteria set by the client.

Question 24

What determines the order of web pages?

Answer 24

The PageRank algorithm.

Question 25

What is a web crawler?

Answer 25

A bot that traverses the Internet following links on each site. It then adds this to the index which is then searched by the browser.

Question 26

What are the two factors that affect the value of the PageRank?

Answer 26

How many incoming links it has from other web pages.

The PageRank of the web page that links to it.

Question 27

What is server-side processing?

Answer 27

When a client sends data to a server for it to be processed.

Question 28

What are the advantages of server-side processing?

Answer 28

Can perform large calculations much faster than clients.

Not browser-dependent

More secure.

Question 29

What is client-side processing?

Answer 29

When a client processes data on a local device.

Question 30

What are the advantages of client-side processing?

Answer 30

Doesn’t waste server space.

Webpage immediately responds to user actions.

Executes quickly.

Question 31

What are the disadvantages of server-side processing?

Answer 31

Can waste server time for simple tasks.

Can reduce security as data has to be transmitted to the server.

Question 32

What are the disadvantages of client-side processing?

Answer 32

Browser dependant.

Slower to process large amounts of data.

Cannot access features of a server such as comparing credentials to a customer database.