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Immunology Exam II > 13: Tumor Immunology > Flashcards

13: Tumor Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

carcinoma

A

epithelial

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2
Q

sarcoma

A

muscle

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3
Q

lymphoma

A

solid lymph

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4
Q

leukemia

A

lymphocytes and other hematopoietic cells

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5
Q

tumor specific v. tumor associated

A

specific only on tumor antigen

associated ob both tumor and normal

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6
Q

oncofetal protein

A

tumor associated antigen

expressed on fetal but not adult tissues

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7
Q

alpha fetal protein

A

tumor associated antigen

produced by certain liver cancers

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8
Q

carcinoembryonic antigen

A

increased in colon cancers and smokers

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9
Q

oncogenic virral antigens

A

from viruses associated with tumor development

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10
Q

EBV epstein barr virus

A

DNA virus

Associated with B cell lymphomas

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11
Q

HPV human papilloma virus

A

DNA virus

Associated with cervical carcinoma

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12
Q

HTLV-1

A

RNA virus

Associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (CD4 cells)

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13
Q

Differentiation antigens

A

expressed at different stages of development

Can tell you where tumor derived from

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14
Q

Antigen: CD10/CALLA, Immunoglobulin

A

Tissue of origin: B lymphocytes

*B cell leukemias and lymphomas

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15
Q

Antigen: IL2, TCR, CD45R, CD4/CD8

A

Tissue of origin: T lymphocytes

*T cell leukemias and lymphomas

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16
Q

Antigen: S-100

A

Tissue of origin: Neural crest derived tissue

*Melanomas

17
Q

Antigen: Cytokeratin

A

Tissue of origin: epithelial

*Carcinoma

18
Q

CTLs

A

produced against carcinomas, sarcomas, and virus-induced tumors

*most effective against virus-induced tumors

19
Q

TILs

A

tumor infiltrating lymphocyte found in solid tumors

largely composed of anti-tumor CTLs

20
Q

NK cells

A

produced against tumors of hematopoietic origin and those that are virus induced

21
Q

Enhance NK cell lysis of tumor cells

A

INF, TNFalpha, and IL2

22
Q

LAK lymphokine activated killer cells

A

NK cells grown with high levels of IL2

Kill better and with broader specificity

23
Q

Macrophages

A

Kill tumor cells directly by ADCC or release of TNFalpha

24
Q

Tumor evasion strategies

A
  1. downregulate class I MHC to escape CTLs
  2. MHC that can’t bind tumor antigen so no antigen presentation
  3. induce tolerance because presented without any costimualtory molecules
  4. Selection of harder to destroy tumor cells
25
Q

Chemotherapy

A

inhibits DNA replication, RNA trx, or prtn synthesis

26
Q

Radiotherapy

A

Destroys rapidly dividing cells

27
Q

Herceptin

A

antibody which targets the HER2/neu growth factor receptor associated with breast cancer
-decreases expression of that gene

Immunology Exam II (8 decks)

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