1.3 The Adrenal Glad

Question 1

Where are the adrenals located?

Answer 1

Behind the peritoneum, above and in front of the upper poles of the kidney

Question 2

What is the embryological origin of the adrenals

Answer 2

90% mesoderm - cortex

10% ectoderm - becomes the medulla

Question 3

What is the blood supply of the adrenals?

Answer 3

Comes directly from the abdominal aorta

Question 4

What are the tree layers of the cortex of the adrenal?

Answer 4

Zona glomerulosa
Zona fasiculata
Zona reticularis

Question 5

What hormones are produced from the cortex?

Answer 5

Aldosterone, cortisol and androgens

Question 6

What hormones are produced from the medulla?

Answer 6

Adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine

Question 7

What does the zona glomerulosa secrete?

Answer 7

Mineralocorticoids (aldsoterone)

Question 8

What does the zona fasiculate secrete?

Answer 8

Gucocorticoids (cortisol)

Question 9

What does the zona retucularis secrete?

Answer 9

Androgens (DHEA)

Question 10

What is the pharmacological analogue of cortisol?

Answer 10

Prednisolone

Question 11

What do you get with an excess of glucocorticoid?

Answer 11

Cushings

Question 12

What do you get with a deficiency of glucocorticoid?

Answer 12

Addisons

Question 13

What do you get when there is an excess of mineralocorticoids?

Answer 13

Conn’s syndrome

Question 14

What happens in cushings syndrome?

Answer 14

Increased production of ACTH from primary adrenal pathology