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PDAT1 > 13 - Oral Health Care > Flashcards

13 - Oral Health Care Flashcards

1
Q

Denture Cleaners

A

Ban-A-Stain Liquid
Phosphoric Acid 25%

Dentu-Cream Paste
dicalcium phosphate dehydrate / calcium carbonate / aluminum silicate

Efferdent Plus Tablets
Sodium bicarb / perborate / potassium monopersulfate / detergents

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2
Q

TYPES of Detrifices

(toothpaste)

A

Caries Prevention / Treatment
sodium fluoride

  • *Tartar Control**
  • *zinc** chloride/citrate / soluble pyrophospates
  • *Anti Plaque/Gingivitis**
  • *Triclosan (Colgage total)** = only toothpaste accepted by the ADA for this indication
  • *Whitening / Anti-Stain**
  • *Baking soda** (mild abrasive) / titanium dioxide (pigment produces brightening)
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3
Q

Non-Rx DESENSITIZING Toothpastes

A

Colgate Sensitive Multi-Protection

Colgate Sensitive Enamel Protect

Crest Sensitivity
Clinical Sensitivity Relief Extra Whitening

Sensodyne Maximum Strength w/ Fluoride

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4
Q

Carmex Lip Balm

Ingredients / Indicaiton / Directions

A

Lip Balm = 1.7% CAMPHOR + 0.7% MENTHOL
Cold Sore Treatment: 10% BENZOCAINE

For the temporary relief of
Cold Sores & Chapped Lips

AAA PRN
do NOT put on cold sores for >14 days

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5
Q

Prevention of Caries

A
  • *Control Dental Plaque**
  • *Mechanical Removal** = brush / floss

Chemical Management = Fluoride / products that remove / prevent plaque

Non-Pharmacological

DIETARY = AVOID CARIOGENIC FOODS
cariogenic food = >15% sugar –> clings to teeth -> remains in mouth

high water content is good, need to stimulate flow of saliva

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6
Q

Toothbrushing GUIDELINES

A

Brush after each meal or BID

Gentle back & forth motion, sweep AWAY from gums
45* angle @ gumline

>2 minutes covering all surfaces

Brush tongue to reduce plaque + bacteria

rinse + spit out water

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7
Q

Toothache

A

Cavitation or Decay present in tooth

  • *Intermittent SHORT / SHARP pain on stimulation**
  • may indicate reversible damage*
  • *Pain w/o stimulation**
  • may indicate IRREVERSIBLE damage*

Requires DENTAL CARE for resolution

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8
Q

Medications that –> XEROSTOMA

A

May Decrease blood flow

Anti Histamines / Decongestants

Anti Hypertensives / Diuretics

Anti Depressants / Anti Psychotics

Sedatives

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9
Q

DENTIN

A

HARD TISSUE
located beneath the Enamel

contains microscopic tubules
(small hollow tubes or canals)

when dentin loses its protective covering = enamel
then the tubules allow for heat+cold or Acid/sticky foods to
stimulate nerves / cells INSIDE the tooth –> SENSITIVITY

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10
Q

Orajel

Indications

A

Toothaches or Teething
for temporary pain relief
Apply directly to gum area affecting the tooth

CANKER SORES
Denture Irritation/ Mouth Ulcer / Other sores
AAA AD

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11
Q

Oral Health Tips

A
  • Drink fluoridated water and brush with fluoride toothpaste.
  • Practice good oral hygiene. Brush teeth thoroughly.
  • Flossing is just as important! Even flossing 1-2 times per week can make a difference!

•Visit your dentist on a regular basis every 6 months,
and for severe pain ASAP

Do not use any tobacco products and limit alcohol

•Control diabetes

•Know if your medications can cause dry mouth- consider an
alternative treatment, or care for dry mouth.

•See your doctor or a dentist if you have
sudden changes in taste and smell

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12
Q

Xerostoma

A

DRY MOUTH
Salivary flow is limited or completely stopped

Sjogren’s Syndrome
autoimmune disorder where salivary glands are partly/completely disfunctional

DM / Depression / Crohn’s
may also be prone to dry mouth
+medications

MINIMIZE = caffeine / acidic foods / alcohol / alcohol rinses

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13
Q

CHEMICAL Removal of Plaque

A

Fluoride
enhances development of fluoridated hydroxyapatite
resistant to De-mineralizing ACIDS
ALSO interferes w/ bacterial cariogenic process

Dentifrices (TOOTHPASTE)
enhances removel of dental plaque + stain
decreased incidence of dental caries + gum disease
less mouth odor & enhanced appreance

Mouth Rinses
Cosmetic + Therapeutic

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14
Q

Crown / Root

A

part of the tooth that is

VISIBLE IN THE MOUTH

Root is the
Part of the tooth that is

INSIDE THE BONE SOCKET

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15
Q

Recurrent APTHOUS STOMATITIS

(Canker Sore)

A

Likely causes are: Stress + Local Trauma
chemical irriatation / biting inside of cheek/lips
injury from brushing or braces

can NOT be cured, products only provide symptomatic relief

Minor Presentation
oval / flat ulcer / erythematous tissue around ulcer / usually 1 lesion

Major presentation
oval / ragged / grey or yellow ulcers / several lesions

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16
Q

MEDICATIONS

that INCREASE the risk of GINGIVITIS

A

Calcium Channel Blockers = CCBs

Cyclosporine

  • *Phenytoin**
  • can cause HYPERtrophy of gums*
  • *AntiCholinergics / AntiDepressants**
  • reduces salivary flow*
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17
Q

Orajel Products

Ingredients

A

Regular Strength Gel
10% benzocaine

Severe Toothache Pain Cream
20% benzocaine + 0.25% menthol

  • *Canker Sore Gel**
  • *benzocaine 15% + menthol 2%**

Mouth Sore Rinse
1.5% hydrogen peroxide

Mouth Sore GEL
benzalkonium CL 0.13% + benzocaine + zinc chloride

18
Q

Mouth Rinses

A

Rince with plaque / calcus control properties
indicated as ADJUNCT to proper flossing / brushing w/ fluoride toothpaste

COSMETIC - freshens breath & cleans debris

Plaque control ingredients:
Aromatic Oils = Antibacterial / Local Anesthetic
4* Ammonium Compounds = Antimicrobial

Listerine
1st mouth rinse accepted by ADA as non-RX Anti-plaque/gingivitise RINSE

19
Q

Pulp Chamber

A

Space INSIDE the tooth

for the

Nerve + Blood Vessels

20
Q

Herpes Simplex Labialis

SYMPTOMS

A

Cold Sores or Fever Blisters

Burning / Itching / Tingling / Numbness
@
Junction of Oral Mucosa & Skin of LIP/NOSE
several number of lesions

Red / Fluid-Filled Vesicles
that may coalese, crusted when mature

Pustules or Pus under crust, may indicate secondary bacterial infection
needs to be further evaluated

21
Q

ABREVA

Ingredients / Indecation / Direction

A

DOCOSANOL 10%

Treatment of Cold Sores or Fever Blisters
on the face or lips by shortening healing time & duration
of the tingling/pain/burning /itching

Directions:
AAA on face or lips @ the first sign of cold-sore/fever blister
Use 5x per day until healed

do NOT use for >10 days or if symptoms worsen

22
Q

EX-ST

for COLD SORES / Fever Blisters

A

Tooth Aches / Loose Teeth
Broken / knocked out teeth

Severe Tooth Pain
hot / cold / chewing

Mouth soreness

Fever / Swelling

Bleeding Gums w/o trauma

Trauma to Mouth
bleeding / swelling / soreness

23
Q

FLUORIDE PRODUCTS!!

A

•ACT Anticavity Flouride Rinse

  • *•Gel-Kam Gel**
    (0. 4% stannous fluoride)
  • *•Crest Pro-Health For me Anticavity Flouride Rinse**
    (0. 022% fluoride rinse)

(0.05% sodium fluoride)

24
Q

NonRX - Mouth Rinses

A
  • *Therapeutic**
  • *Crest PRO-Health** (cetylpriindium chloride)
  • *Botanical**
  • *Listerine**

Tom’s of Maine

25
Q

Denture Problems

HYYGIENE RELATED

A

Pain UNDER Dentures
usually result of poor denture cleaning

Dentures can accumulate:
Plaque / Stain / Calculi simular to natural teeth

Chronic Atrophic Candidiasis
most common issue, often caused by candida albicans
that adheres to dental base

26
Q

Biotene Oral Balance

Indication / Ingredients / Directions

A

Use as needed for DRY MOUTH = Xerostoma

Use 15 ml
rinse for 30 sec –> SPIT

Glucose Oxidase / Lysozyme / Lactoperoxidase

27
Q

Special Population Considerations

A

Infants
20 primary teath, need to remove plaque + milk resedue

Advanced Age
some medications that affect oral health

Diabetes** + **Smokers
increased risk for oral health problems

28
Q

Fluoride Products

A
  • *ACT**
  • *Anticavity Fluoride Rinse**
  • *Gel-Kam Gel**
    0. 4% stannous fluoride
  • *Crest Pro-health**
    0. 022% fluoride rinse
29
Q

Guidelines

for using Topical Fluoride

A

ONLY ONCE A DAY

brush teeth with fluoride dentifrice FIRST
rinse-measured amount vigorously for ONE MINUTE

GEL
brush gel onto teeth & remain for 1 minute
SPIT OUT after 1 minute, do not drink/eat for 30 minutes

30
Q

SELECTED PRODUCTS
Detrifices
(toothpaste)

A

Caries Prevention / Treatment
FLUORIDE = Crest Cavity Protection

Tartar Control
Colgate Tartar Protection

Anti Plaque/Gingivitis
Colgate TOTAL / Crest Multicare

Whitening / Anti-Stain
Aquafresh Whitening Gel
Rembrant PLUS Premium whitening

31
Q

Enamel

A

HARD - OUTER

covering of a tooth

covers the dentin

dentist can care for damage, since non-living cells

32
Q

Flossing Guidelines

A

Pull 18in of floss, wrap MOST around middle finger
wrap remaining around middle finger of other hand

curve floss into C-SHAPE
gently scrabe tooth w/ floss in up/down motion

REMINDER = Floss behind LAST MOLARS
can cause bleeding / discomfort,
but will lessen w time & better gum health

33
Q

Gingiva = Gums

A

Soft Tissue

portion of the supporting structures

protect the roots of your teeth

&

cover the teeth that have NOT yet erupted

34
Q

SELECTING
a toothbrush

A 
# Choose based on patient factors:
**Manual Dexterity** / **Oral anatomy** / **Oral Health**

SOFT bristols are preferred, do not damage enamel /gum

  • *Electronic = Constant efficiency**
  • especially for disabled / advanced age w/ difficult dexterity*

REPLACE Q3 months due to wear + bacteria

35
Q

Oral Irrigating Devices

(WaterPIK)

A

*NOT A SUBSTITUTE for*
TOOTHBRUSHING OR FLOSS

Adjunctto maintaingood oral hygiene

36
Q

Herpes Simplex Labialis

Caused by what?

How is it spread?

A

Cold Sores or Fever Blisters
caused by HSV1

Contagious, spread by DIRECT CONTACT
kissing / sharing utensils / drinks

Can be REACTIVATED once virus has infected host
by cold / stress / windburn / fatigue

37
Q

Gum Chewing

A

Indicated to CONTROL PLAQUE

Benefits:
Increased SALIVA
buffers acids in mouth
can be helpful for pts with dry mouth

recommend sugar-free

Chew 2 Pieces of gum QD AFTER EATING

38
Q

What is Gingivitis?

A

Inflammation of GUMS, found in 20% of pop

Is the MILDEST form of PERIODONTAL DISEASE
reversible and affects nearly everyone

May progress to significant bone loss

Is from accumulation of SUPRAGINGIVAL BACTERIAL PLAQUE

can be prevented in the same wasy as caries

39
Q

Tooth CARIES

Definition / Risk Factors

A

an infectious disease that affects calcified tissues of the teeth

Plaque bacteria –> acid -> demineralizes ENAMEL + DENTIN = CARIES

Risk factors:
Orthodontic Appliences / Dry Mouth / Gum Recession / TOBACCO

incedence is in a decline due to Fluoride

40
Q

ANBESOL

Ingredients / Indication / Directions

A

BENZOCAINE
Gels or liquids ~ 10-20% benz
cold sore therapy = 20% benz + 1% allntoin + 3% camphor

Temporary Pain Relief of:
Toothache / Teething / Braces / Denture irritation
Sore gums / Cold + Canker Sores / Fever Blisters

AAA on or around lips or wihthin mouth

do NOT use for >2 days, except under physician direction

41
Q

Halitosis

Bad Breath

A

90% of cases related to oral cause
dental caries / periodontal disease / infections / mucosal ulcers

  • *Prevention**
  • *prope**r oral hygiene to prevent tooth/gum problems

Zinc Salts** + **Chloride Dioxide
most effective in chemical prevention of malolder

Smart-Mouth / CloSYS

42
Q

Tooth HYPERSensitivity

A

Dentin becomes exposed
& tubules become OPEN to the oral cavity

Patient experiences pain from:
hot/cold + sweet/sour + temperature air

Can be PREVENTED by:
brushing LESS vigorously + AVOIDING hypersensitivity stimuli

POTASSIUM NITRATE 5%
most widely used ingredient for teeth sensitivity
Fluoride dentrifices + Supplementation can help
contineu to use product until problem resolves

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