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PDAT1 > 11 - Sunburns & Sunscreens > Flashcards

11 - Sunburns & Sunscreens Flashcards

1
Q

Tan

A

UV Radiation stimulates melanocytes in the germinating skin layer
to generate MELANIN

2 Processes:
Immediate Pigment Darkening

DELAYED Tanning = Menalogenesis

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2
Q

Sunburn

A

Result of an inflammatory reaction
mediators –> peripheral vasodilation

Superficial burn:
mild erythema / tenderness / pain / edema

  • *Superficial** / Partial Thickness BURN:
  • *blisters** / fever / chills / weakness / shock
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3
Q

UVC Band

A

200 - 290 nm

SCREENED OUT by the OZONE LAYER

emitted by some artificial sources of UV Radiation

absorbed by the dead cell layer

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4
Q

UVB Band

A

290 - 320 nm

90% of Sunburn Radiation

responsible for:
inducing skin cancer / wrinkling the skin / elastosis & collagen dmg
&
VITAMIN D3 SYNTHESIS

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5
Q

UVA Band

A

320 - 400ngm

Penetrates DEEPER into the skin

promotes photoaging

suppresses the IMMUNE SYSTEM

can be found in tanning booths

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6
Q

Drug-Induced PHOTOallergy

A

uncommon _immunologic response_

Urticaria / Bullae / Sunborn

reaction is NOT dose-related

Seen after at LEAST 1 prior exposure to the agent

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7
Q

Drug-Induced Photo-TOXICITY

A

Seen upon FIRST Exposure to Chemical agent

DOSE-RELATED

Appears as an Exaggerated sunburn

Reaction is NOT immunologically mediated

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8
Q

Select Medications

PhotoToxicity / PhotoAllergy

A

Anti:
Cancer / Convulsants
Depressants / Psychotics
Histamines / Hypertensives
Infectives / Malarials

Coal Tar / Diuretics

NSAIDS

Amiodarone / Retinoids / Statins

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9
Q

Premature Aging

A

Wrinking & Yellowing of the skin

Elastosis

Drying & Thickening

Cracking / Spider Vesicles / Growths

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10
Q

WARNING SIGNS OF CANCER

A

A B C D E

Asymmetric

Border Irregularity

Color Variance

Diameter > 1/4 inch

Elevation & Enlargement

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11
Q

Sunburn

RISK FACTORS

A

FAIR SKIN that always burn / History of a serious burn

Blonde/Red Hair /// Blue-green-grey eyes

History of freckling / growth on skin

FH of Melanoma / H of autoimmune disorder

current use of immunosuppresive / photosensitizing meds

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12
Q

Non-Therapy

Sunburn Prevention

A

Complete Avoidance of UVR

Use Protective Clothing:
Hat w/ 4 inch brim

long pants / shirt

Sunglasses

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13
Q

SPF

A

Sun Protection Factor
derived from an equation

ONLY considers UVB Radiation

SPF 30 provides ALL-DAY protection for all skin types

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14
Q

Minimal / Moderate / High

Sunburn Protection

A

SPF 2 -12 = MINIMAL

SPF 12-30 = Moderate

SPF 30+ = HIGH sunburn protection

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15
Q

Water-Resistant Sunscreen

A
  • *40** Minutes or 80 minutes
  • *of WATER Exposure**

Waterproof / Sweat-proof / SunBLOCK
claims are NO LONGER ALLOWED

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16
Q

Broad Spectrum SPF

Greater than 15>

A

Protects against BOTH - UVB & UVA
SPF 15> or higher:

Helps reduce risk of
skin cancer / premature againg
when used in conjuction with:
limiting time in the sun + wearing protective clothing

17
Q

Broad Spectrum SPF

Less than 15<

A

protection from UVB / UVA

SPF <15 or lower:
only protection from sunburn

still has a skin cancer / skin aging alert

18
Q

Chemical Sunscreen Ingredients

A
  • *Aminobenzoic** acid
  • AE = contact dermatitis / photosensitivity*
  • *Anthranilates**
  • usually in COMBO / WEAK UV sunscreen*
  • *Benzophenones**
  • UVA + UVB absorb /// sensitivity reactions*
  • *Cinnamates**
  • UVA + UVB absorb /// does NOT adhere to skin well*
  • *Salicylates**
  • weak sunscreens*
  • *Dibenzoylmethane**
  • UVA absorption*
19
Q

Physical Sunscreens

A

SCATTER UVR

Titanium dioxide & Zinc oxide

Messy / discolor clothing

Efficacy is RELATED to THICKNESS they are applied

20
Q

Combination Sunscreen Products

A

EACH active ingredient MUST contribute to the efficacy of a product

  • minimum* SPF of 2
  • NO LIMITS on the* # of ingredients that can be combined
21
Q

GOOD Sunscreens

A

Neutrogena Ultra-Sheer Dry-Touch Sunblock SPF w/ Helioplex

Neutrogena UVA/UVB Sunblock SPF 45

Blue Lizard Australian Sunscreen

SOLBAR Sunscreen

Coppertone SPORT Sunblock GEL SPF 30

22
Q

Chemical - FREE Sunscreens

A

Neutrogena Sensitive Skin Sunblock Lotion SPF 30

Vanicream Sunscreen

Clinique Super City Block SPF 25

23
Q

Sunscreen APPLICATION

A

Allow adequate penetration

Apply 15 min prior to sun exposure

Adult body covered with <1 ounce

AVOID EYE CONTACT / EXTERNAL USE ONLY

Reapply

DO NOT use on children <6 mo
keep then in the SHADE / avoid using sunscreen
dress them in LONG SLEEVE / HATS / GLASSES

24
Q

Sunscreen for

Children 6 months of age and OLDER

A

do NOT use sunscreen if <6 months old

Use sunscreen that contains:
Zinc Oxide / Titanium Dioxide

Keep children in the SHADE

Dress them in
long-sleeve shirts / pants / wide-brimmmed hats / sunglasses

25
Q

Sunburn RELIEF

A

AVOID further exposure

Cool Compresses

Heat stroke occurs with EXCESSIVE exposure:
Analgesics
Protectants
Local Anesthetics

Fresh aloe vera gel = INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE

26
Q

Sun Exposure

A

MAX Exposure is 10am - 3pm

Clouds reduce UV radiation up to 30%

Reflected UV radiation is Damaging

WET clothing allows 50% transmission

  • *Window Glass** blocks:
  • *UVB** radiation & 50% UVA radiation
27
Q

Global Solar UV Index

A

PDAT1 (27 decks)

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