13 COMPRESSION Flashcards
COMPRESSION DEVICES TREAT
Edema.
Venous circulation.
Stump.
Lymphedema.
Thrombosis.
DVT.
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
A parallel system to the circulatory system.
Functions:
Assist with removal of fluid and waste products from the body.
A safety valve for fluid overload.
Maintains homeostasis by removing excess protein and waste products of metabolism and injury.
Cleans the interstitial fluid.
Blocks infection via the lymph nodes.
BLOOD PRESSURE AFFECTS FLUID IN THE INTERSTITIAL SPACE
Diffusion, when BP is higher moves to interstitial space.
EDEMA
Results from disruption in normal fluid exchange.
FACTORS THAT DISTRUPT NORMAL FLUID EXCHANGE
Change in capillary permeability.
Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure.
OBSTRUCTION OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
System cannot remove fluid.
Produces thick, pitting edema.
ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES OF EDEMA
Cosmetic concerns.
Impair ROM & function.
Pain (not always).
Tissue fibrosis and hard induration of skin.
Increased risk of infection.
Wound Formation.
COMPRESSION GARMENTS
Off-the-shelf (TED: Thrombo-Embolus Deterrent) “Antiembolism Stockings”
16-18 mmHg
Prevent DVT in bedridden patients
Custom-fit & Off-the-shelf Compression Garments
10-50 mmHg
Mobile patients
Sufficient compression to counteract effects of gravity.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR COMPRESSION DEVICES
Custom-fit more effective, especially with more edema.
No wrinkles or ‘Rolling’ of garments.
LE needs higher pressure than UE.
Garments need to be changed out:
Every 6 months
Major change to limb edema.
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF COMPRESSION DEVICES
Acute pulmonary edema.
Congestive heart failure.
Recent or acute DVT.
Used to prevent, not treat DVT.
Acute fracture.
Acute local dermatologic infections.
Kidney dysfunction.
ABPI
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index.
Assesses the ratio of systolic blood flow in the brachial artery to that of the dorsal pedis and posterior tibia.
COMPRESSION BANDAGING (4)
Resting Pressure.
Working Pressure.
Long-Stretch Bandage.
Short-Stretch Bandage.
