1.3 Challenges To The Religeous Settlement

Question 1

When was the big challenge from the bishops in the CoE

Answer 1

1560s

Question 2

What was the issue with the crusifix and vestment contriversy?

Answer 2

It was a direct challenge of authority

Question 3

Why were crusifixes an issue

Answer 3

Mary wanted the for catholics but the bishops threatened to resign so she backed down

Question 4

What issue was there is 1565

Answer 4

Priests were not wearing the correct clothes

Question 5

How was the vestment contriversy resolved

Answer 5

In 1566 the archbishop of canterbury (mathew parker) wrote the book of advertisments saying which vestments to wear and when. A demonstration was held where of 110 invited 37 refused to go and lost their jobs. In the end most priests consented.

Question 6

How did the Catholic Curch try to stop protestanism

Answer 6

Fighting and war against protestants was encouraged. This was the counter-reformation. In 1566 the pope told catholics to not attend CoE services

Question 7

How did Elizabeth react to repete actions against the settlement?

Answer 7

Softly to not make martyrs and resulted in a stable first decade as queen

Question 8

What proportion of nobility were recusants

Answer 8

1/3

Question 9

Why were ancient families against the queen

Answer 9

They prospered under Mary I and lost power under Elizabeth so resented her and her favourites such as Dudely, Cecil and the Earl of Leicester

Question 10

When did the Revolt of the Norther Earls begin

Answer 10

1569 with the Earls of Westmoreland and Northumberland

Question 11

Which Cathedral was taken in the Revolt of the Northern Earls

Answer 11

Durham Cathedral was taken and used for a full Catholic mass

Question 12

Where did the Earls march

Answer 12

They marched South on the 22nd of November where the Duke of Norfolk joined who was the most senior noble and a distant cousin of the queen

Question 13

When did the Earls retreat

Answer 13

24th November 1969

Question 14

How was the Revolt of Northern Earls settled?

Answer 14

It was settled by troops of the Earl of Susset and the queen made an example by executing 100s of rebels across Northern towns and cities. This greatly angered Catholics and only got worse in the 1570s

Question 15

What was beginning to happen in Europe?

Answer 15

Protestanism was growing and the commn enemy may have united the main Catholic powers of the Spanish, Austrian and Roman empires

Question 16

When was the religeous war in France?

Answer 16

1562

Question 17

Why did the French religeous war worry Elizabeth?

Answer 17

It had a risk of sparking a religeous war in England as tensions were high due to the dutch revolt. She wrote to Philip II as to how ‘troubled and perplexed’ she was

Question 18

Why did Elizabeth wish to help French protestants

Answer 18

It was in hope for Calais’ return in 1562. This act annoyed Philip but it failed later that year when peace was made. The treaty of Froyes was later signed by Elizabeth stating Calais fully belonged to France.

Question 19

What did Elizabeth do in Scotland and France which annoyed Philip?

Answer 19

She helped protestant rebels

Question 20

What trade bannes occoured in 1563

Answer 20

Philip banned English cloth imports to prevent merchents encouraging protestanism and in retaliation Elizabeth stopped all trade with the Netherlands. These bannes only lasted a year as it damaged the economies

Question 21

Why did Elizabeth fear a Spain/France alliance

Answer 21

The pope tried to use the countries to kill her father (Henry VIII) in an invasion when he was excommunicated in the 1530s

Question 22

Why were the Netherlands irritated by spain?

Answer 22

The Netherlands usualy governed themselves however since the 1550 spain had became more involed in the way their country was governed

Question 23

What instigated the Dutch Revolt

Answer 23

Philip reorginsed their government and introduce the inquisition which united the protestants and catholics against spain in 1566.

Question 24

How was the dutch revolt solved?

Answer 24

The Duke of Alba marched in with an army of 10000 in 1566 and ended the revolt by 1568

Question 25

Why was Alba’s army such a big threat?

Answer 25

It was very close to England and it was believed that Philip wanted to completely stamp out protestanism so it risked invasion

Question 26

What was Alba’s Council of Troubles in the Netherlands

Answer 26

The council (nicknamed the council of blood) sentence 1000s of mostly violent protestents to death causing many to flee. Elizabeth didn’t wat to be seen as the main protestant momarch so condemmed them but many still went to England.

Question 27

How did Elizabeth deal with albas threat?

Answer 27

She knew that the country was not ready for war and that starting a religeous war could also mean a civil war so she used an approach by weakening Spain as much as possible without starting a war

Question 28

What were sea beggars

Answer 28

They were dutch rebels that had fled to the sea. They attacked Spanish ships and Elizabeth allowed them shelter in English harbours in 1967

Question 29

What was the Geonese loan?

Answer 29

Spanish ships were taking gold to Alba’s army that was given as a loan from the Geones bankers in Italy. Due to this Elizabeth took the money for herself as said it was not Spains money but Italy’s. These acts greatly angered Spain. Elizabeths goal was to get Alba to leave the Netherlands.

Question 30

Why was the Catholic threat so serious between 1568 and 1569

Answer 30

In 1568 Mary Queen of Scots fled to England from Scotland and 1559 was the revolt of the Northern Earls. This encouraged the pope and Philip to back more plots against Elizabeth and use Alba’s army to get rid of the queen