1.3 ACTIVE ZONE

Question 1

Constructive plate margins move…

Answer 1

Apart

Question 2

Destructive plate margins move…

Answer 2

Together

Question 3

Process of constructive plate margins in 4 steps

Answer 3

1. Convection currents cause the plates to move apart.
2. This creates a gap which magma forces through
3. The magma makes new land
4. The land pulls apart and the process is repeated

.

Question 4

2 examples of landforms at Constructive plate boundaries

Answer 4

Oceanic ridge or a shield volcano

Question 5

Destructive plate boundary process in 4 steps

Answer 5

1. Two oceanic plates move together
2. One is subducted under the other forming an oceanic trench
3. Sediment and water is taken with it and melts in the mantle
4. This creates friction and heat causing the magma to rise through the crust (erupts)

.

Question 6

2 examples of landforms at destructive plate boundaries

Answer 6

Oceanic trench or strato volcanos

Question 7

5 Key features of strato volcanos

Answer 7

Violently erupts 
Slow + sticky lava
Large plumes of ash
Steep slopes (1400m)
Large magma chamber (10mill tons)

Question 8

5 Key features of shield volcanos

Answer 8

Erupts gently
Runny seeping lava 
Wide base (300m) 
Small magma chamber 
Gentle slopes

Question 9

Economic effects of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

Answer 9

Airlines lost £130mill

Farmers lost cattle and therefore business

Question 10

Environmental effects of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

Answer 10

Melted ice lead to flooding

Rivers became contaminated

Question 11

Social effects of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

Answer 11

Families were evacuated + masks worn

Roads were shut

Question 12

Responses to the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

Answer 12

European Red Cross mobilised volunteers

Question 13

Hazards of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

Answer 13

Ash clouds
Plume (water + magma)
750 tonnes of magma every second

Question 14

The cause of the Sichuan earthquake

Answer 14

Zipingpu dam is 25 times the usual stress due to the 50 stories high weight

Question 15

When/where, Length of time, magnitude and epicentre of the Sichuan earthquake

Answer 15

7.9
120
Wenchuan
China 2008

Question 16

Percentage of buildings flattened

Answer 16

80%

Question 17

Number of deaths in flattened buildings

Answer 17

5000

Question 18

Number of Students trapped in collapsed school (Sichuan earthquake)

Answer 18

900

Question 19

Number of people left homeless (Sichuan earthquake)

Answer 19

5million

Question 20

Hundreds killed by collapsed…. (Sichuan earthquake)

Answer 20

Chemical plants and toxic ammonia spill

Question 21

(Sichuan earthquake) total approximate deaths

Answer 21

70,000

Question 22

Convection current steps

Answer 22

1. Magma heats by the core
2. Magma rises due to heat
3. The magma is pushed out of the way by hotter magma
4. It cools and sinks