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Geography > 1.3 ACTIVE ZONE > Flashcards

1.3 ACTIVE ZONE Flashcards

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1
Q

Constructive plate margins move…

A

Apart

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2
Q

Destructive plate margins move…

A

Together

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3
Q

Process of constructive plate margins in 4 steps

A
  1. Convection currents cause the plates to move apart.
  2. This creates a gap which magma forces through
  3. The magma makes new land
  4. The land pulls apart and the process is repeated

.

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4
Q

2 examples of landforms at Constructive plate boundaries

A

Oceanic ridge or a shield volcano

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5
Q

Destructive plate boundary process in 4 steps

A
  1. Two oceanic plates move together
  2. One is subducted under the other forming an oceanic trench
  3. Sediment and water is taken with it and melts in the mantle
  4. This creates friction and heat causing the magma to rise through the crust (erupts)

.

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6
Q

2 examples of landforms at destructive plate boundaries

A

Oceanic trench or strato volcanos

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7
Q

5 Key features of strato volcanos

A 
Violently erupts 
Slow + sticky lava
Large plumes of ash
Steep slopes (1400m)
Large magma chamber (10mill tons)
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8
Q

5 Key features of shield volcanos

A 
Erupts gently
Runny seeping lava 
Wide base (300m) 
Small magma chamber 
Gentle slopes
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9
Q

Economic effects of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

A

Airlines lost £130mill

Farmers lost cattle and therefore business

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10
Q

Environmental effects of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

A

Melted ice lead to flooding

Rivers became contaminated

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11
Q

Social effects of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

A

Families were evacuated + masks worn

Roads were shut

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12
Q

Responses to the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

A

European Red Cross mobilised volunteers

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13
Q

Hazards of the Eyjafjnallajokull 2010 eruption

A

Ash clouds
Plume (water + magma)
750 tonnes of magma every second

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14
Q

The cause of the Sichuan earthquake

A

Zipingpu dam is 25 times the usual stress due to the 50 stories high weight

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15
Q

When/where, Length of time, magnitude and epicentre of the Sichuan earthquake

A

7.9
120
Wenchuan
China 2008

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16
Q

Percentage of buildings flattened

A

80%

17
Q

Number of deaths in flattened buildings

A

5000

18
Q

Number of Students trapped in collapsed school (Sichuan earthquake)

A

900

19
Q

Number of people left homeless (Sichuan earthquake)

A

5million

20
Q

Hundreds killed by collapsed…. (Sichuan earthquake)

A

Chemical plants and toxic ammonia spill

21
Q

(Sichuan earthquake) total approximate deaths

A

70,000

22
Q

Convection current steps

A
  1. Magma heats by the core
  2. Magma rises due to heat
  3. The magma is pushed out of the way by hotter magma
  4. It cools and sinks

Geography (8 decks)

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