1.1 RIVERS

Question 0

Input

Answer 0

Water added to system through precipitation

Question 1

Drainage basin

Answer 1

Area of land drained by a main river + it’s tributaries. Marked by watershed

Question 2

Output

Answer 2

Water lost from system

Question 3

Transfers

Answer 3

Process where water flows through system

Question 4

Percolation

Answer 4

Water moving downwards through soil

Question 5

Surface storage

Answer 5

Water lays on ground - puddles or lakes

Question 6

Soil moisture

Answer 6

Water stored in soil or broken rocks near the surface

Question 7

Transpiration

Answer 7

Loss of water from plants and vegetation

Question 8

Infiltration

Answer 8

Surface water enters soil

Question 9

Discharge =

Answer 9

Velocity x cross sectional area

Question 10

Lag time

Answer 10

The time between peak rainfall and peak discharge

Question 11

Suspension

Answer 11

Fine light material carried by the river

Question 12

Traction

Answer 12

Large rocks and boulders roll along river bed

Question 13

Solution

Answer 13

Some minerals dissolve in the water

Question 14

Saltation

Answer 14

Smaller stones bounce along river bed

Question 15

Sinuosity

Answer 15

How bendy a river is

Question 16

Near the river’s source it is…

Answer 16

…a valley with narrow floor and steep sides

Question 17

During the river’s middle it has…

Answer 17

… A wide floor and gentle slopes

Question 18

At the river’s end it has…

Answer 18

… A wide floor and gentle sides

Question 19

Outside of meander =

Answer 19

Fast flow + erosion

Question 20

Inside of meander =

Answer 20

Slow flow + deposition

Question 21

Boscastle effects

Damage worth

Answer 21

£50 million

Question 22

Boscastle effects

Hight of water

Answer 22

10 meters

Question 23

Boscastle effects

Precipitation in 2hours

Answer 23

6cm

Question 24

Boscastle effects Speed of river

Answer 24

40MPH

Question 25

Boscastle effects People evacuated

Answer 25

60