1.1 RIVERS Flashcards

0
Q

Input

A

Water added to system through precipitation

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1
Q

Drainage basin

A

Area of land drained by a main river + it’s tributaries. Marked by watershed

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2
Q

Output

A

Water lost from system

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3
Q

Transfers

A

Process where water flows through system

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4
Q

Percolation

A

Water moving downwards through soil

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5
Q

Surface storage

A

Water lays on ground - puddles or lakes

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6
Q

Soil moisture

A

Water stored in soil or broken rocks near the surface

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7
Q

Transpiration

A

Loss of water from plants and vegetation

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8
Q

Infiltration

A

Surface water enters soil

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9
Q

Discharge =

A

Velocity x cross sectional area

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10
Q

Lag time

A

The time between peak rainfall and peak discharge

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11
Q

Suspension

A

Fine light material carried by the river

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12
Q

Traction

A

Large rocks and boulders roll along river bed

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13
Q

Solution

A

Some minerals dissolve in the water

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14
Q

Saltation

A

Smaller stones bounce along river bed

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15
Q

Sinuosity

A

How bendy a river is

16
Q

Near the river’s source it is…

A

…a valley with narrow floor and steep sides

17
Q

During the river’s middle it has…

A

… A wide floor and gentle slopes

18
Q

At the river’s end it has…

A

… A wide floor and gentle sides

19
Q

Outside of meander =

A

Fast flow + erosion

20
Q

Inside of meander =

A

Slow flow + deposition

21
Q

Boscastle effects

Damage worth

A

£50 million

22
Q

Boscastle effects

Hight of water

23
Q

Boscastle effects

Precipitation in 2hours

24
Q

Boscastle effects

Speed of river

25
Q

Boscastle effects

People evacuated