1.2.A Knowledge of theories of emotional intelligence

Question 1

What is emotional intelligence?

Answer 1

Emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability to accurately identify and understand one’s own emotional reactions and those of others. This eighth intelligence, based on Gardner’s multiple intelligence theory, was popularized by Daniel Goleman in his book Emotional Intelligence.

1.2.1 Knowledge of Theories of Emotional Intelligence

Question 2

What are the key take-aways from Daniel Goleman’s book “Emotional Intelligence”?

Answer 2

In his book, Goleman presented the argument that non-cognitive skills can matter as much as IQ for workplace success and leadership effectiveness.

• IQ contributes only 20% to life success – “emotional intelligence” plays a much bigger role.
• The five areas of emotional intelligence are self-awareness, managing emotions, self-motivation, empathy and handling relationships
• Strong emotions interfere with clear thinking. Anxiety undermines the intellect.
  1. 2.1.1 History of Emotional Intelligence

Question 3

Are EQ and IQ opposing measures or different measures of different things?

Answer 3

Although many people have the misconception that EQ and IQ are opposed, they are actually just different. Whereas IQ measures how people learn, understand, and apply information, EQ measures how individuals learn, understand, and apply emotional knowledge.

1.2.1.1 History of Emotional Intelligence

Question 4

What does EQ stand for?

Answer 4

emotional quotient

1.2.1.1 History of Emotional Intelligence

Question 5

What does EI mean?

Answer 5

Emotional Intelligence

Question 6

What is Howard Gardner attributed for?

Answer 6

Multiple Intelligence Theory

Howard Gardner developed the Multiple Intelligence Theory, which states there’s no single way in which everyone thinks and learns. Gardner devised a list of intelligences, which define how people process information: linguistic/verbal, logical/mathematical, spatial/visual, bodily/kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, existential, and emotional.

In 1983 Howard Gardner introduced his multiple intelligence theory, which included interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence to show that IQ failed to explain the complete cognitive ability.

1.2.1.1 History of Emotional Intelligence

Question 7

Marc Brackett, founding director of the Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, is the lead developer of what EI model?

Answer 7

RULER (recognizing, understanding, labeling, expressing, and regulating emotions) is an evidence-based approach to emotional learning

Question 8

What is the definition of Emotional Intelligence?

Answer 8

Emotional intelligence is the potential to monitor and accurately identify, express, and understand one’s own and others’ emotions and reactions. It also includes the potential to control personal emotions, use them to make good decisions, and act effectively (Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso 1998).

1.2.1.2 Definitions

Question 9

What is the difference between EQ and EI?

Answer 9

Emotional quotient (EQ) implies a measure, but EI instruments don’t measure emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence, by definition, emphasizes an individual’s ability to apply knowledge of emotions to manage their own behavior or to influence others.

Question 10

There are 3 main models of emotional intelligence. What are they?

Answer 10

Ability model
Mixed model
Trait model

1.2.1.4 Three Models

Question 11

Describe the Ability Model of Emotional Intelligence

Answer 11

Salovey and Mayer (1990), the creators of the ability model, define emotional intelligence as “the capacity to reason about emotions, and of emotions, to enhance thinking.” The model requires that people be evaluated in four related abilities to determine their EI:

• perceiving emotions
• reasoning with emotions
• using and understanding emotions
• manaing emotions

Question 12

Describe the Mixed Model of Emotional Intelligence

Answer 12

The mixed model, which is built on five competencies, is called a mixed model because it mixes emotional intelligence qualities with other personality traits unrelated to either emotion or intelligence. The five categories are self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. The competencies are learned capabilities that must be worked on and can be developed.

Question 13

Describe the Trait Model of Emotional Intelligence

Answer 13

This model is not based on abilities. It posits that people have “emotional traits or emotional self-perceptions” as a part of their personality. EI is viewed as individuals’ “self-perceptions of their emotional abilities including behavioral abilities” (Salazar 2017).

This is the most recent EI model developed by Petrides and his colleagues (2007).