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ANATOMY - MSK (Lower Limb) > 1.2.6.1. Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh > Flashcards

1.2.6.1. Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 Muscle Compartments of the Thigh?

A
  1. Anterior Compartment of the Thigh
  2. Medial Compartment of the Thigh
  3. Posterior Compartment of the Thigh
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2
Q

What are the Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh innervated by?

A

The Femoral Nerve

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3
Q

What is the Segmental (or Root) Values for the Femoral Nerve?

A
  1. L2
  2. L3
  3. L4
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4
Q

In general, what is the function of the Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh?

A

Extension of the Leg at the Knee Joint

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5
Q

What are the 3 major Muscles in the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh?

A
  1. Pectineus Muscle
  2. Sartorius Muscle
  3. Quadriceps Femoris Muscles
    Note - The End of the Iliopsoas Muscle also passes into the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh
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6
Q

What does the Pectineus Muscle form?

A

The base of the Femoral Triangle

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7
Q

How is the Pectineus Muscle described?

A

A flat Muscle

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8
Q

Where does the Pectineus Muscle originate from?

A

Pectineal Line, on the Anterior Surface of the Pelvis

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9
Q

Where does the Pectineus Muscle attach distally?

A

Pectineal Line, on the Posterior Surface of the Femur

Note - it attaches just Inferiorly to the Lesser Trochanter of the Femur

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10
Q

What is the function of the Pectineus Muscle?

A
  1. Adduction of the Thigh at the Hip Joint

2. Flexion of the Hip Joint

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11
Q

What is the innervation of the Pectineus Muscle?

A

It has a dual innervation:

  1. Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)
  2. It may also receive a branch from the Obturator Nerve
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12
Q

What is the significance of the dual innervation of the Pectineus Muscle?

A

It can be considered a transitional muscle between the Anterior and Medial Compartments of the Thigh

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13
Q

What is significant about the Sartorius Muscle?

A

It is the longest Muscle in the Body

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14
Q

How is the Sartorius Muscle described?

A

It is Long, and Thin

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15
Q

In which direction does the Sartorius Muscle run?

A

Inferomedially

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16
Q

Where is the Sartorius Muscle positioned, in relation to the other Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh?

A

It is more Superficial

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17
Q

Where does the Sartorius Muscle originate from?

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

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18
Q

Where does the Sartorius Muscle attach distally?

A

Superior, Medial surface of the Tibia

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19
Q

What is the function of the Sartorius Muscle?

A
  1. Flexion of the Hip Joint
  2. Abduction of the Hip Joint
  3. Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint
  4. Flexion of the Knee Joint
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20
Q

What is the innervation of the Sartorius Muscle?

A

The Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

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21
Q

How many Muscles is the Quadriceps Femoris Muscles formed of?

A

4

22
Q

What are the 4 Quadriceps Femoris Muscles?

A

3 x Vastus Muscles:

  1. Vastus Lateralis Muscle
  2. Vastus Intermedius Muscle
  3. Vastus Medialis Muscle

1 x Rectus Femoris:
1. Rectus Femoris Muscle

23
Q

Where does the Vastus Lateralis Muscle originate from?

A
  1. Greater Trochanter of the Femur

2. Lateral Lip of the Linea Aspera of the Femur

24
Q

What is the function of the Vastus Lateralis Muscle?

A
  1. Extension of the Knee Joint

2. Stabilization of the Patella

25
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus Lateralis Muscle?

A

The Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

26
Q

Where does the Vastus Intermedius Muscle originate from?

A
  1. Anterior Surface of the Femoral Shaft

2. Lateral Surface of the Femoral Shaft

27
Q

What is the function of the Vastus Intermedius Muscle?

A
  1. Extension of the Knee Joint

2. Stabilization of the Patella

28
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus Intermedius Muscle?

A

The Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

29
Q

Where does the Vastus Medialis Muscle originate from?

A
  1. Intertrochanteric Line of the Femur

2. Medial Lip of the Linea Aspera of the Femur

30
Q

What is the function of the Vastus Medialis Muscle?

A
  1. Extension of the Knee Joint
  2. Stabilization of the Patella
    Note - Particularly due to its Horizontal Fibers at the Distal End
31
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus Medialis Muscle?

A

The Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

32
Q

Where does the Rectus Femoris Muscle originate from?

A

The Ilium, just Superiorly to the Acetabulum

33
Q

Where does the Rectus Femoris Muscle travel?

A

Straight down the Thigh

Note - Latin for “Straight” is “Rectus”

34
Q

What is the significance of the Rectus Femoris Muscle, in relation to the other Quadriceps Femoris Muscles?

A

It is the only Quadriceps Femoris Muscle to cross the Hip and Knee Joint

35
Q

What is the function of the Rectus Femoris Muscle?

A
  1. Flexion of the Thigh at the Hip Joint

2. Flexion of the Leg at the Knee Joint

36
Q

What is the innervation of the Rectus Femoris Muscle?

A

The Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

37
Q

What happens to the Quadriceps Femoris Muscles, immediately proximal to the Knee Joint?

A

They Unite, forming the Quadriceps Femoris Tendon

38
Q

Where does the Quadriceps Femoris Tendon attach distally?

A

The Patella

39
Q

How does the Patella attach to the Tibia?

A
  1. The Patellar Ligament

2. The Patellar Tendon

40
Q

What is the main Extensor of the Knee?

A

The Quadriceps Femoris Muscles

41
Q

How many Muscles form the Iliopsoas Muscle?

A

2

42
Q

What are the Muscles which form the Iliopsoas Muscle?

A
  1. The Psoas Major Muscle

2. The Iliacus Muscle

43
Q

Why is the Iliopsoas Muscle referred to as 1 Muscle, even though it originates from 2 different areas?

A

They come together to form 1 Tendon

44
Q

Where does the Psoas Major Muscle originate from?

A

The Vertebral Bodies, and associated Intervertebral Disks of:

  1. T12
  2. L1
  3. L2
  4. L3
45
Q

Where does the Iliacus Muscle originate from?

A

The Iliac Fossa of the Pelvis

46
Q

Where does the Iliopsoas Muscle (Tendon) attach distally?

A

The Lesser Trochanter of the Femur

47
Q

What is the function of the Iliopsoas Muscle?

A
  1. Flexion of the Hip Joint

2. (It assists in) Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint

48
Q

Does the Iliopsoas Muscle Extend the Leg at the Knee Joint?

A

No, unlike many of the Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh, it does not

49
Q

What is the innervation of the Psoas Major Muscle?

A

The Anterior Rami of L1 - L3

50
Q

What is the innervation of the Iliacus Muscle?

A

The Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

ANATOMY - MSK (Lower Limb) (21 decks)

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