1.1.2. Venous Drainage of the Lower Limb Flashcards
What do Veins in the Lower Limb carry?
Deoxygenated Blood
Where do Veins in the Lower Limb Carry Deoxygenated Blood to?
The Heart
What are the 2 Groups of Veins in the Lower Limb?
- Deep Veins
2. Superficial Veins
Where are the Deep Veins of the Lower Limb located?
Beneath the Deep Fascia of the Lower Limb
What is a General Rule for the names and locations of the Deep Veins of the Lower Limb?
They accompany and share the name of the Major Arteries in the Lower Limb
Note - These Veins are often located in the same Vascular Sheath so that the Arterial Pulsations aid Venous Return
What is the main Venous structure of the Foot?
Dorsal Venous Arch
Does the Dorsal Venous Arch drain mostly into Deep or Superficial Veins?
Superficial
Some of the veins of the Dorsal Venous Arch penetrate deep into the leg, what do they form?
The Anterior Tibial Vein
What Veins arise on the Plantar aspect of the Foot?
- Medial Plantar Vein
2. Lateral Plantar Vein
What do the Medial and Lateral Plantar Veins combine to form?
- Posterior Tibial Vein
2. Posterior Fibular Vein
What does the Posterior Tibial Vein accompany?
The Posterior Tibial Artery
Where does the Posterior Tibial Vein enter the Leg?
Posterior to the Medial Malleolus
What do the Anterior Tibial Vein, Posterior Tibial Vein, and Posterior Fibular Vein combine to form?
The Popliteal Vein
Where does the Popliteal Vein arise?
On the Posterior Surface of the Knee
How does the Popliteal Vein enter the Thigh?
Via the Adductor Canal
What is the Popliteal Vein known as after it enters into the Thigh?
The Femoral Vein
What does the Femoral Vein accompany?
The Femoral Artery
Where is the Femoral Vein located, in relation to the Femoral Artery?
Anteriorly
What, other than the Femoral Vein, is the main Venous Structure in the Thigh?
Profunda Femoris Vein (Deep Vein of the Thigh)
What does the Profunda Femoris Vein (Deep Vein of the Thigh) drain?
Blood from the Thigh Muscles
How does the Profunda Femoris Vein (Deep Vein of the Thigh) drain Blood from the Thigh Muscles?
Via Perforating Veins
Where does the Profunda Femoris Vein (Deep Vein of the Thigh) empty into?
Distal Section of the Femoral Vein
What does the Femoral Vein leave the Thigh underneath?
The Inguinal Ligament
What is the Femoral Vein known as, after it has left the Thigh?
The External Iliac Vein
What Deep Veins drain the Gluteal Region?
- Superior Gluteal Vein
2. Inferior Gluteal Vein
Where do the Superior and Inferior Gluteal Veins empty into?
The External Iliac Vein
Where are the Superficial Vein of the Lower Limb located?
In the Subcutaneous Tissue
What are the 2 Major Superficial Veins of the Lower Limbs?
- The Great Saphenous Vein
2. The Small Saphenous Vein
What forms the Great Saphenous Vein?
- Dorsal Venous Arch of the Foot
2. Dorsal Vein of the Big Toe
Where does the Great Saphenous Vein travel?
The Medial Side of the Leg, passing:
- Anteriorly to the Medial Malleolus
- Posteriorly to the Medial Condyle of the Knee
What does the Great Saphenous Vein receive as it travels up the Leg?
Tributaries from other Small Superficial Veins
Where does the Great Saphenous Vein empty into?
The Femoral Vein
Where does the Great Saphenous Vein empty into the Femoral Vein?
Immediately Inferior to the Inguinal Ligament
What is the Clinical Significance of the Great Saphenous Vein?
It can be harvested and used as a vessel in a Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)
What forms the Small Saphenous Vein?
- Dorsal Venous Arch of the Foot
2. Dorsal Vein of the Little Toe
Where does the Small Saphenous Vein travel?
The Posterior Side of the Leg, passing:
- Posterior to the Lateral Malleolus
- Along the border of the Calcaneal Tendon
- Between the 2 Heads of the Gastrocnemius Muscle
What does the Small Saphenous Vein empty into?
The Popliteal Vein
Where does the Small Saphenous Vein empty into the Popliteal Vein?
The Popliteal Fossa
What is the Clinical Relevance of the Superficial Veins of the Lower Limb?
These are what form Varicose Veins
