1.2.5.5. Muscles of Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint Flashcards
What movements can be carried out at the Hip Joint?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Abduction
- Adduction
- Lateral Rotation
- Medial Rotation
- Circumduction
What are the main Muscles of Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint?
- Biceps Femoris Muscle
- Gluteus Maximus Muscle
- Deep Gluteal Muscles:
- a) Piriformis Muscle
- b) Obturator Internus Muscle
- c) Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles
- d) Quadratus Femoris Muscle
- What is the Biceps Femoris Muscle similar to?
2. Why?
- Biceps Brachii in the Upper Arm
2. The Muscle has 2 Heads
What are the 2 Heads of the Biceps Femoris Muscle?
- Long Head of the Biceps Femoris Muscle
2. Short Head of the Biceps Femoris Muscle
Where does the Long Head of the Biceps Femoris Muscle originate from?
Ischial Tuberosity of the Pelvis
Where does the Short Head of the Biceps Femoris Muscle originate from?
Linea Aspera on the Posterior Surface of the Femur
What do the Long and Short Heads of the Biceps Femoris Muscle form?
A single Tendon, the Tendon of the Biceps Femoris Muscle
Where does the Tendon of the Biceps Femoris Muscle attach distally?
Head of the Fibula
Where is the Biceps Femoris Muscle located?
It is the Lateral-Most Muscle in the Posterior Thigh
Where can the Tendon of the Biceps Femoris Muscle be felt?
Laterally at the Posterior Knee Joint
What is the function of the Biceps Femoris Muscle?
- Flexion of the Leg at the Knee Joint
- Extension of the Thigh at the Hip Joint
- Lateral Rotation of the Thigh at the Hip Joint
- Lateral Rotation of the Leg at the Knee Joint
Do both the Long and Short Heads of the Biceps Femoris Muscle have the same innervation?
No
What is the innervation of the Long Head of the Biceps Femoris Muscle?
Tibial Part of the Sciatic Nerve
What is the innervation of the Short Head of the Biceps Femoris Muscle?
Common Fibular Part of the Sciatic Nerve
Where does the Gluteus Maximus Muscle originate from?
- Gluteal (Posterior) Surface of the Ilium
- Gluteal (Posterior) Surface of the Sacrum
- Gluteal (Posterior) Surface of the Coccyx
Where does the Gluteus Maximus Muscle travel?
At a 45 degree angle across the Buttocks
Where does the Gluteus Maximus Muscle attach distally?
- Iliotibial Tract
2. Gluteal Tuberosity of the Femur
What is the significance of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle?
- It is the largest of the Gluteal Muscles
2. It is the most Superficial of the Gluteal Muscles - forming the shape of the Buttocks
What is the function of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle?
- It is the main Extensor of the Hip Joint
- It assists in Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint
Note - It is only used when force is required, e.g. running, climbing, squatting
What is the innervation of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle?
The Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Where are the Deep Gluteal Muscles located?
Underneath the Gluteus Minimus Muscle
Where is the Piriformis Muscle located, in relation to the other Deep Gluteal Muscles?
It is the most Superior - making it a Key Landmark in the Gluteal Region
Where does the Piriformis Muscle originate from?
Anterior Surface of the Sacrum
Where does the Piriformis Muscle travel?
Inferolaterally, through the Greater Sciatic Foramen
Where does the Piriformis Muscle attach distally?
The Greater Trochanter of the Femur
What is the function of the Piriformis Muscle?
- Lateral Rotation of the Lower Limb at the Hip Joint
2. Abduction of the Lower Limb at the Hip Joint
What is the innervation of the Piriformis Muscle?
Nerve to the Piriformis Muscle
What does the Obturator Internus Muscle form?
The Lateral Walls of the Pelvic Cavity
Which Muscle can the Obturator Internus Muscle sometimes be considered the same as?
Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles (Gemelli Muscle)
Where does the Obturator Internus Muscle originate from?
- Pubis at the Obturator Foramen
2. Ischium at the Obturator Foramen
Where does the Obturator Internus Muscle travel?
Through the Lesser Sciatic Foramen
Where does the Obturator Internus Muscle attach distally?
The Greater Trochanter of the Femur
What is the function of the Obturator Internus Muscle?
- Lateral Rotation of the Lower Limb at the Hip Joint
2. Abduction of the Lower Limb at the Hip Joint
How are the Gemelli Muscles described?
2 Narrow, Triangular Muscles
What separates the 2 Gemelli Muscles?
The Obturator Internus Tendon
Where does the Superior Gemelli Muscle originate from?
The Ischial Spine
Where does the Inferior Gemelli Muscle originate from?
The Ischial Tuberosity
Where do the Gemelli Muscles attach distally?
The Greater Trochanter of the Femur
What is the function of the Gemelli Muscles?
- Lateral Rotation of the Lower Limb at the Hip Joint
2. Abduction of the Lower Limb at the Hip Joint
Do the Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles have the same innervation?
No
What is the innervation of the Superior Gemelli Muscle?
Nerve to the Obturator Internus
What is the innervation of the Inferior Gemelli Muscle?
Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris
How is the Quadratus Femoris Muscle described?
A Flat, Square Shaped Muscle
Where id the Quadratus Femoris Muscle located, in relation to the other Deep Gluteal Muscles?
Inferiorly
Where does the Quadratus Femoris Muscle originate from?
Lateral Side of the Ischial Tuberosity
Where does the Quadratus Femoris Muscle attach distally?
Quadrate Tuberosity on the Intertrochanteric Crest
What is the function of the Quadratus Femoris Muscle?
Lateral Rotation of the Hip
What is the innervation of the Quadratus Femoris Muscle?
Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris
