1.2.1 - Outline the main changes to the standard criteria for intellectual disability (mental retardation) over the past five decades

Question 1

What is the defn of ID

Answer 1

characterised by imitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour (practical/social skills) that onsets prior to 18.

Question 2

Describe the changes over the past 5 decades

Answer 2

1960s - IQ score was 1 SD below the mean, meaning that 16% of the population were classified
1970s - IQ score was 2 sDs below the mean
1980s - 2 SDs below the mean, plus an adaptive functioning criteria
1990s - IQ score 70-75, plus ratings on 10 adaptive behaviour domains
2000s - IQ score 70, with 2/3 adaptive behaviour domains met

Question 3

What are some of the terms that were previously used to describe someone with an ID

Answer 3

lunatics
idiots
retards

Question 4

How were IDs historically handled

Answer 4

Put in assylums to protect them and the community
Neglected/abused
Pitied