12.1 Alkanes - Properties of Alkanes

Question 1

General Formula for Alkanes

Answer 1

CnH2n+2

Question 2

What are Alkanes ?

Answer 2

saturated hydrocarbons.

Question 3

What type of covalent bonds join Alkanes to other atoms?

Answer 3

Sigma Bonds

Question 4

What is A sigma bond?

Answer 4

Bond formed as a result of overlapping orbitals from the bonding atoms.

Question 5

Describe a sigma bond

Answer 5

Each overlapping orbitals contain one electron.
-Sigma bond contains two electrons

Question 6

How many sigma bonds do each carbon in an alkane have?

Answer 6

-Four bonds

Question 7

What is the shape around each carbon atom in an Alkane?

Answer 7

109.5*

Question 8

Can atoms around the carbon rotate?

Answer 8

Yes
-The shape is not rigid.

Question 9

Explain the increase trend in boiling point with chain length in Alkanes?

Answer 9

Chain length increases,
Molecule will have Larger surface area
More surface contact
Stronger london forces

Question 10

Explain why straight chains have a higher boiling point than branched chains

Answer 10

-Branched chains have fewer points of surface contact = Weak london forces.