120102c Flashcards
Metal Identification
A Ferris metal has a high content of:
A) carbon
B) nickel
C) iron
D) manganese
C) iron
Which statement describes a non-Ferris metal?
A) high iron content, and usually magnetic
B) high iron content, and usually non magnetic
C) contains little or no iron and is usually magnetic
D) contains little or no iron and is usually non-magnetic
D) contains little or no iron and is usually non-magnetic
A metal that is red or yellow is most likely what type of metal?
A) aluminum or magnesium
B) malleable cast iron
C) low or medium carbon steel
D) copper or brass
D) copper or brass
What is the normal colour for steels and cast-iron?
A) silvery gray
B) black
C) yellow
D) Red
A) silvery gray
If a metal that has fractured shows a dull grey appearance in its internal structure with no bending before breaking it is most likely:
A) high carbon steel
B) malleable cast-iron
C) gray cast iron
D) pure aluminum
C) grey cast iron
Given two identical pieces of zinc, diecast, and aluminum what would be the simplest way to identify them?
A) flame test
B) spark test
C) by the colour
D) by their weight
D) by their weight
If an object is irregularly shaped, what might you conclude about the object?
A) it is aluminum
B) it is a casting
C) it is heat treated
D) it is ductile
B) it is a casting
If a piece of metal has a smooth outer surface, what might you conclude about the object?
A) it has been formed
B) it is a casting
C) it is high carbon steel
D) it is magnetic
A) it has been formed
In using a chip test to identify a metal what would a smooth, continuous chip indicate?
A) a dull chisel
B) a soft material like a aluminum
C) a hard material like carbon steel
D) brittle material like cast iron
B) a soft material like a aluminum
How is cast-iron distinguished from low carbon steel in a spark test?
A) Sparks given off by low carbon steel, are short with red bursts near the grinder
B) Sparks look the same but more pressure is required with carbon steel
C) The Sparks given off by cast-iron are short with red bursts near the grinder
C) The Sparks given off by cast-iron are short with red bursts near the grinder
How can using a new handheld file give you an estimate of a metals hardness?
A) if you tap the metal with the file, hardened tool steel will not ring
B) if the file bites into the metal easily, it is likely a hard metal
C) If the file bites into the metal easily, it is likely a soft metal
D) if the metal is harder than the file, the file bites in easily
C) If the file bites into the metal easily, it is likely a soft metal
What is the approximate hardness rating of low carbon steel on the Brynell hardness scale?
A) 100
B) 300
C) 500
D) 600
A) 100
Which metal will burn violently when ignited using the flame test?
A) copper
B) nickel
C) aluminum
D) magnesium
D) magnesium
When the heat code identification number is cut from a piece of plate, what should you do?
A) notify the supervisor
B) transfer the ID number to the remaining plate
C) check the hardness of the remaining plate
D) discard the test report
B) transfer the ID number to the remaining plate
What is the most precise method for the identification of a metal that has been shipped from a steel mill?
A) study the meal test report
B) use a file for hardness testing
C) do a spark test with an angle grinder
D) seal that comes in shapes is always low carbon
A) study the meal test report
In addition to the mill test report, what else do steelmills usually attach to the straps that hold bundles of barstock together?
A) colour-coded material size tags
B) date of manufacture tags
C) metal specification tags
D) an MSDS
C) metal specification tags
This term describes the resistance of a material to Force that tends to deform or cause failure by crushing
A) shear strength
B) comprehensive strength
C) endurance limit
D) tensile strength
B) comprehensive strength
The maximum load required to punch through a metal is used to determine the:
A) toughness
B) comprehensive strength
C) shear strength
D) Malleability
C) shear strength
Which term describes the resistance of a material to a force that is trying to pull it apart?
A) tensile strength
B) yield strength
C) ductility
D) elasticity
A) tensile strength
Which term describes the ability of a metal to be cold worked without a great deal of resistance?
A) elasticity
B) toughness
C) brittleness
D) malleability
D) malleability
Which term describes the material that shows no permanent distortion before failure?
A) brittleness
B) hardness
C) toughness
D) elasticity
A) brittleness
Which term describes the ability of a metal to resist, indentation or penetration?
A) brittleness
B) hardness
C) toughness
D) malleability
B) hardness
Which term describes the ability of a metal to a stand the shock of rapidly applied load?
A) malleability
B) hardness
C) toughness
D) elasticity
C) toughness
This term describes the ability of a metal to return to its original shape after a load has been removed
A) elasticity
B) malleability
C) toughness
D) ductility
A) elasticity
The point of which permanent deformation takes place is known as the
A) tensile strength
B) yield strength
C) comprehensive strength
D) sheer strength
B) yield strength
Which term describes the ability of a metal to a stand, a sharp high velocity blow
A) impact strength
B) yield strength
C) comprehensive strength
D) tensile strength
A) impact strength
Density is defined as a weight per unit volume. What is the density of steel?
A) .283 lb/in
B) .283 lb/in^2
C) .283 lb/in^3
D) .283 lb/gal
C) .283 lb/in^3
Which term describes the ability of a metal to resist wasting away by slow, gradual combination with other elements and chemical compounds?
A) electrical resistance
B) thermal expansion
C) corrosion resistance
D) stress relieving
C) corrosion resistance
Which term describes the rate at which electric current flows through a metal?
A) electrical conductivity
B) electrical resistance
C) electrical short circuit
D) electrical variability
A) electrical conductivity
Which term describes the rate at which heat flows through a metal?
A) thermal expansion
B) thermal conductivity
C) electrical conductivity
D) transition temperature
B) thermal conductivity
Which term describes the extent of increase in physical dimensions due to a change in the metals temperature
A) thermal conductivity
B) transition temperature
C) Electrical expansion rate
D) thermal expansion rate
D) thermal expansion rate
The temperature at which metal changes to liquid form is called its
Melting point
Metals are identified by:
a) color & visual appearance
b) weight
c) shape & texture, fractured surface
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
What makes a metal magnetic ( ferrous)
Iron content
The most common _______ metals are carbon steels and cast irons.
ferrous
The most common ferrous metals are carbon steels and cast irons.They are alloys of iron and carbon with other elements added to impart distinct _______.
properties
Very high carbon steels used to make punches, dies, shear blades, cutting tools and other components are often called _____ steels or ____ steels.
a) tool, high tensile
b) tool, high speed
c) hot rolled, high speed
d) extruded, highly ductile
b) tool, high speed
Are the following metals ferrous or non ferrous?
Aluminum
Magnesium
Zinc
Copper
Lead
Brass
Titanium
All are non ferrous metals
The most practical method of identifying a metal is by examining it for its _____.
a) color & visual appearance
b) weight
c) shape & texture, fractured surface
d) all of the above
a) color & visual appearance
Grey cast iron is grey in colour, and white cast iron is silvery white at its _______.
a) surface
b) joint
c) fracture
d) finish
c) fracture
________ cast iron is lighter grey and smoother than white or grey cast iron.
a) Malleable
b) Ductile
c) Hardened
d) Alloyed
a) Malleable
_______ steel is finished to tighter tolerance finish measurements than ______.
a) hot rolled steel, cold rolled steel
b) cold rolled steel, hot rolled steel
c) tempered, heat treated
d) heat treated, tempered
b) cold rolled steel, hot rolled steel
The grain structure of ______ cast iron is usually very coarse and silvery white.
a) grey cast iron
b) white cast iron
c) malleable cast iron
d) this describes zinc not cast iron
b) white cast iron
What metal is bluish white and relatively hard and brittle. Often used for die casting.
a) grey cast iron
b) white cast iron
c) malleable cast iron
d) zinc
d) zinc
Metals with the same outward appearance can be readily identified by their _______.
weight
In a forming process called _______, molten metals are poured into moulds.
casting - usually has a rough outer surface texture
The texture of a metal can denote if it is made from a casting or from a formed product.
Describe the texture of each
- Casting
- Formed
Casting - usually has a rough outer surface texture
Formed- smooth outer texture
The ______ of metals can be identified by chips, sparks or the resistance of a file cutting into the metal’s surface.
a) ductility
b) tensile strength
c) hardness
d) brittleness
c) hardness
When doing a chip test what does smooth, continuous chips indicate
a) hard material
b) soft material
c) malleable material
d) ductile material
b) soft material
With higher ______ content steel, the steel becomes more difficult to cut and the chips become smaller and more brittle.
a) iron
b) carbon
c) nickle
d) cast
b) carbon
The spark test is used mainly to test for ______ content in steels and to distinguish between a cast steel and a cast iron.
a) iron
b) carbon
c) nickle
d) cast
b) carbon
Most non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, magnesium and copper alloys will not show any sparks.
What are the 2 exceptions of non-ferrous metals that show sparks
a) zinc
b) nickle
c) titanium
d) both b& c
d) both b& c
the sparks produced by a _____ carbon steel (also known as mild steel). The sparks are bright, long, straight and yellow. There is very little branching and few carbon bursts.
a) high
b) low
c) heat treated
d) formed
b) low
The sparks produced by a _____-carbon steel. The sparks tend to burst and branch off more than they do with low carbon steel.
a) high
b) low
c) heat treated
d) formed
a) high
Cast iron spark stream produces many _____ bursts near the grinder and ______ bursts further out.
a) orange yellow, red
b) red, orange yellow
b) orange, light green
d) light green, orange
b) red, orange yellow
The Rockwell and Brinell test, tests what metal property?
a) tensile strength
b) ductility
c) hardness
d) impact strength
c) hardness
The Rockwell system uses a conical diamond penetrator applied on a surface at a specified load.
After applying the load, the Rockwell _______ number is read directly from a gauge that measures the _____ of the indentation.
a) depth, hardness
b) width, hardness
c) hardness, width
d) hardness, depth
d) hardness, depth
The Brinell system uses penetrator applied on a surface at a specified load.
After applying the load, the Brinell _______ number is read directly from a gauge that measures the _____ of the indentation.
a) depth, hardness
b) width, hardness
c) hardness, width
d) hardness, depth
c) hardness, width
Using a file to measure hardness, which metal matches the description?
a) file bites into metal easily, Brinell #100
b) File will mark metal. Metal almost as hard as file. Brinell# 500
options: low carbon steel, medium carbon steel, tool steel, high carbon steel
a) Low carbon steel
b) Tool Steel
Are each of the following * items true or false?
In a flame test an oxy-flame heats a small area to a molten state in the flame test you can see:
* the speed of melting,
* the changes in colour,
* the appearance and action of the slag,
* the appearance of the molten puddle and
* the action of the molten puddle under the flame.
All are true
What metal has a melting temp of 2750°F?
Carbon Steel
What metal has the following appearance as a molten puddle?
* Immediate and violent burning.
* Sparks fly in all directions.
* Bright luminescent.
a) Nickle
b) Copper
c) Brass
d) Magnesium
d) Magnesium
What metal flashes into flame violently with sparks flying in all directions?
a) Nickle
b) Copper
c) Brass
d) Magnesium
d) Magnesium
What is an MTR
a) metal trace report
b) materials test report
c) mill test report
d) none of the above
c) mill test report
What are the 4 most important pieces of info on an MTR (mill test report)
a) Heat #, Yield, Tensile, Grade
b) Heat #, Yield, Tensile, Reduction Ratio
c) Heat #, Yield, Tensile, Specification
d) Heat #, Yield, Tensile, Elongation
d) Heat #, Yield, Tensile, Elongation
Does the MTR contain info on chemical composition, physical & mechanical properties?
Yes
The _______# is used for identification purposes on the loading report
a) heat number
b) tag number
c) specification
d) ASTM
b) tag number
_______ strength is the resistance of a material to a force that tends to deform or fail it by crushing.
a) compressive
b) shear
c) tensile
d) yield
a) compressive
The ultimate compressive strength is reached when a _____ material shatters or a _____ material deforms.
a) hard, low tensile
b) hard, ductile
c) brittle, ductile
d) brittle, low compressive
c) brittle, ductile
Shear strength is usually measured with a ______ set-up by shearing the metal to determine the stress required to fracture it across its section.
a) pulling
b) punch and die
c) impact with
d) bend test
b) punch and die
Shear strength has forces acting in ______ to their cross sections
a) horizontal
b) vertical
c) parallel
d) perpendicular
c) parallel
Tensile strength is the ultimate _____ that a material will stand without fracture. It is measured in thousands of pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa).
a) push
b) pull
c) compression
d) deformation
b) pull
______ strength is the stress point at which permanent deformation takes place.
a) compressive
b) shear
c) tensile
d) yield
d) yield
This is the point where the force applied causes the metal to bend or deform and not return to its original shape ___________
a) upper elastic limit
b) lower elastic limit
c) lower yield point
d) upper yield point
d) upper yield point
The ______ is the maximum stress the metal will endure before permanent deformation takes place.
a) elastic limit
b) ductility limit
c) lower yield limit
d) upper yield limit
a) elastic limit
_________ test also gives us yield strength, elastic limit , elongation (stretching) and % of ductility and ultimate strength
a) compressive
b) shear
c) tensile
d) yield
c) tensile
_______ strength is the ability of a metal to withstand a sharp, high-velocity blow.
a) impact
b) shear
c) tensile
d) yield
a) impact
Impact strength is measured in ________ or joules.
a) Kj
b) Mj
c) ft-lb
d) expressed as a percentage
c) ft-lb
True or false
The two most common standard methods for determining impact strength are the Izod and Charpy tests.
True
Izod and Charpy tests use a weighted swinging __________ to break a notched specimen. The impact strength of the specimen is determined by the force required to break it.
a) weight
b) pendulum
c) bob
d) oscillator
b) pendulum
Know that this curve shows the strain is the result of stress
_______ is the ability of a material to stretch or deform under load without breaking.
a) impact
b) shear
c) tensile
d) ductility
d) ductility
Ductility is measured in a ______ test or a bend test.
a) impact
b) shear
c) tensile
d) ductility
c) tensile
Ductility is expressed as a percentage of _____.
a) distortion
b) elongation
c) compression
d) deformation
b) elongation
What is the elongation calculation equation
For example, if a test coupon is marked with a centre punch at 2” in length and is stretched under load and then breaks after stretching to 2½”, its percent elongation is 25%.
(elongation divided by original length) × 100
（½2”=2）x100=25%
______ is the tendency of a material to fail suddenly by breaking without any permanent deformation before failure.
a) brittleness
b) ductility
c) deformation
d) elongation
a) brittleness
eg) white cast iron because it breaks without showing any permanent distortion.
______ of a material is its ability to resist penetration or indentation.
a) brittleness
b) hardness
c) ductility
d) deformability
b) hardness
* It may also be defined as a material’s ability to resist scratching or abrasion.
The maximum hardness attainable in carbon steels is determined primarily by the _____ content.
a) Al
b) Mg
c) Carbon
d) Iron
c) Carbon
True or False
Two common measurements of hardness are Rockwell with a diamond cone penetrator and Brinell with a hardened steel ball.
True
What diameter hardened steel ball does Brinell testing use with 6614 lb as a penetrator?
a) 1/4”
b) 1/2”
c) 3/4”
d) 3/8”
d) 3/8”
______ is the ability of a metal to withstand a rapidly applied load without breaking.
a) brittleness
b) hardness
c) ductility
d) toughness
d) toughness
It is the ability to absorb considerable energy before fracturing.
High impact strength = lack of _____
a) brittleness
b) hardness
c) ductility
d) toughness
a) brittleness
high impact strength = a good indication of toughness
_______is a method to draw some of the hardness out of a metal to give toughness.
a) quenching
b) preheating
c) tempering
d) tampening
c) tempering
It is accomplished by heating the hardened area, such as tempering the point of a chisel.
_______ is the ability of a metal to return to its original shape and dimensions once the load has been removed.
a) brittleness
b) hardness
c) ductility
d) elasticity
d) elasticity
_______ of metal is its ability to be cold worked without a great deal of resistance.
a) brittleness
b) malleability
c) ductility
d) elasticity
b) malleability
Malleable cast iron will bend slightly or show some distortion before breaking.
_______ properties of metal
Density, corrosion resistance, conductivity, thermal expansion, melting temp
a) somatic
b) material
c) labouring
d) physical
d) physical
How is density calculated?
the weight per unit of volume
Argon has a high density and helium has a low density (lighter than air) this is why argon is an efficient shielding gas for __________ positions while helium is efficient for ________ positions
a) flat, horizontal
b) flat & horizontal, vertical
c) flat & horizontal, overhead
d) horizontal, overhead
c) flat & horizontal, overhead
__________ is the ability of a material to resist chemical attack by compounds or other elements that tend to waste it away.
A) brittleness
B) conductivity
C) conduction resistance
D) corrosion resistance
D) corrosion resistance
________ generally speeds up any chemical reaction, so operating temps must be considered for corrosion resistance.
a) heat
b) humidity
c) conductivity
d) temp
a) heat
_________ is the ability of a material to transfer electricity or heat within its own mass.
a) heat
b) humidity
c) conductivity
d) temp
c) conductivity
________ conductivity is the ability of a material to conduct an electric current. It is thought of as the opposite to resistance.
a) electrical
b) thermal
c) ionic
d) hydraulic
a) electrical
Match the Electrical Conductivity values with their metals.
Silver
Copper
Gold
106,65,100
Electrical Conductivity of Metals
Silver : 106
Copper : 100
Gold: 65
_______ conductivity is a measure of the rate at which heat travels through a material.
a) electrical
b) thermal
c) ionic
d) hydraulic
b) thermal
The high thermal conductivity of _____ makes it an excellent choice for backup bars or chill strips.
a) nickle
b) aluminum
c) copper
d) steel
c) copper
Match the Thermal Conductivity values with their metals.
Silver
Copper
Gold
71,100,93
Silver: 100
Copper: 93
Gold: 71
_______ is the increase in physical dimension due to an increase in the material’s temperature.
a) elasticity
b) thermal conductivity
c) thermal expansion
d) tensile strength
c) thermal expansion
Thermal expansion is the increase in physical dimension due to an increase in the material’s temperature. This change in length is called the _________.
a) coefficient of parallel thermal expansion.
b) coefficient of linear thermal expansion.
c) coefficient of parallel expansion.
d) coefficient of linear expansion.
b) coefficient of linear thermal expansion.
Match each metal with their coefficient of linear thermal expansion.
Aluminum
Copper
Steel
.000013, .0000065, .000009
Aluminum: 000013
Copper: 000009
Steel: 0000065
Match the metals with their melting points.
Carbon
Al Oxide
Mild Steel
Al
1218°F, 3700°F, 6700°F, 2750°F
Carbon: 6700°F,
Al Oxide: 3700°F
Mild Steel: 2750°F
Al: 1218°F
Titanium is a non-ferrous metal that shows sparks. (8)
True
False
True
The point at which permanent deformation takes place during a tensile test is: (17)
* fracture point
* tensile point
* yield point
* stress point
- yield point
GMAW welding of 3/4 inch thick aluminum plate requires higher voltage and wire speed settings than 3/4-inch-thick mild steel, because: (23)
* of the larger mass
* of the reflective surface
* of the lower thermal
* conductivity of the higher thermal conductivity
- conductivity of the higher thermal conductivity
Which of the following characteristics can be used to identify metals:(3)
* shape
* weight
* texture
* all of the above
- all of the above
How is density expressed? (22)
* lineal measurement
* weight per square inch / weight per unit volume
* weight per metric measure
weight per unit volume
Which material would be most suitable for chill strips?(23)
*lead
* iron /
copper
* Aluminum
copper
Which property is not represented in a tensile test? (16-18)
x* ductility
→ * toughness
* elongation
* yield strength
toughness
The hardness of a ferrous metal can be identified by: (11)
v file test
* flame test
* magnetic test
* surface texture
file test
The ability of a material to withstand a sharp high velocity blow is: (17)
* yield strength
/ impact strength
- mechanical strength
- compressive strength
impact strength
The metal with the highest coefficient of thermal expansion is: (24)
*iron
* copper
* tungsten
* aluminum
aluminum
The percentage of elongation of a material is determined by subjecting the material to al (16)
* hardness test
* tensile test
* impact test
* creep test
- tensile test
A mill test report supplies what type of information: (14)
* exact tonnage of steel supplied
* the shape description and wholesale price
* chemical composition and mechanical properties
* welding processes required to qualify the steel for its application
- chemical composition and mechanical properties
Which metal has the highest thermal conductivity? (24)
* gold
* copper
* silver
* Aluminum
- silver
The yield strength of a metal is determined by which test: (17)
* Rockwell
* Brinell
* Tensile
* Charpy
- Tensile
What is the approximate melting temperature of aluminum oxide? (25)
* 419C（787F）
* 659 C (1218 F)
* 885 C (1626 F)
* 2052 C (3725 F)
- 2052 C (3725 F)
What mechanical property is needed to prevent a bolt from breaking that is subject to a load acting parallel across its cross-sectional area. (15)
* ductility
* tensile strength
* impact strength
* shear strength
- shear strength
Spark tests are used mainly to determine the amount of carbon in steel. (8)
True
False
True
A Brinell Hardness of 100, would reveal that the file: (11)
* bites into the surface easily
* will bite with a little resistance
* removes metal with increased effort
* slides over the surface without removing any metal
- bites into the surface easily
What is the Brinell hardness rating of tool steel? (11)
300
400
500
600
500
Electrical conductivity is the opposite of electrical resistance?
True
False
True
Which metal would be defined as non-ferrous? (3)
* steel
* copper
* cast iron
* malleable iron
- copper
Some of the soft natured non-ferrous metals reveal what type of sparks: (8)
* white color
* yellow color
* red or orange
* they do not reveal sparks
- they do not reveal sparks
How is the coefficient of thermal expansion expressed in imperial measurements? (24)
* inch per inch per degree F
* millimeter per meter per degree F
* dimension is increased by feet squared per degree C
* dimensions are decreased by inches squared per degree F
- inch per inch per degree F
Which of the following metals have the lowest density? (22)
* steel
* cast iron
* aluminum
* stainless steel
- aluminum
The ultimate pull which a material can withstand without fracture is: (16)
* elongation
* shear strength
* tensile strength
* compressive strength
- tensile strength
Heat could generally be responsible for accelerating, a chemical reaction. (22)
* True
* False
- True
The ability of metal to withstand a force applied against it is: (15)
* physical property
* chemical property
* industrial property
* mechanical property
- mechanical property
Electrical conductivity is the same as electrical resistance: (23)
True
False
False
Which type of metal is noted for its low rate of thermal conductivity? (3)
* low carbon steel
* stainless steel
* aluminum
* titanium
- titanium
An example of a magnetic non-ferrous material is: (3)
* nickel
* cobalt
* titanium
* vanadium
- nickel
Which type of steel will flash into a violent flame with sparks flying everywhere? (12)
* magnesium
* aluminum
* titanium
* nickel
- magnesium
The grain structure of white cast iron is: (4)
* dull grey and smooth
* red or orange and fine
* bluish grey and velvety
* silvery white and coarse
- silvery white and coarse
A Charpy impact test measures: (20)
* hardness
* toughness
* hardenability
* elastic strength
- toughness
How is ductility expressed? (18)
* in linear units
* in megapascals
* as a percentage of elongation
* in thousands of pounds per square inch
- as a percentage of elongation
Tempering a chisel reduces hardness and restores: (20)
* ductility
* elasticity
* toughness
* tensile strength
- toughness
Tool steel or high-speed steels are also known as: (2)
* cast iron
* low carbon steels
* medium carbon steels
* very high carbon steels
- very high carbon steels
Which of the following would identify the grade of steel found on a metal specification jag. (14)
* 44W
* E56359
* 1.500 × 20
* all of the above
- 44W
A metal identification test, that reflects carbon content of the material, is a: (8)
* chip test
* spark test
* flame test
* magnetic test
- spark test
Which would define physical properties of metals? (22-25)
* ductility, expansion, and melting temperature
* density, tensile strength, and thermal conductivity
* thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and density
* electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and toughness
- thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and density
The appearance of malleable cast iron is: (3)
* bluish grey and soft
* light grey and smooth
* the same as white cast iron
* smooth with a velvety texture
- light grey and smooth
