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History: Nazi Germany 1890-1945 > 1.2 The Impact Of WW1 > Flashcards

1.2 The Impact Of WW1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How many German troops died during WW1 and how many were wounded?

A

2 million troops died and 4 million were wounded

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2
Q

How many German women were left as widows after WW1?

A

600,000 women

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3
Q

Give 2 ways the German home front was affected by WW1?

A

763,000 civilians died from starvation
150,000 died room the flu pandemic

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4
Q

By 1918, the German industrial production was about…lower than it had been in 1913.

A

33%

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5
Q

What did Germany’s debt increase from 1914 to 1918?

A

It went from 50 billion marks in 1914 to 150 billion marks in 1918.

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6
Q

True or False? The average wage for a worker in 1918 was only 60% of what it was in 1913.

A

True.

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7
Q

Who in Germany made lots of money from the war?

A

Big armament (military weapons) business owners.

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8
Q

When in WW1 was it clear that Germany was going to be defeated?

A

29th September 1918

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9
Q

Who told Kaiser Wilhelm II that Germany was not going to win WW1?

A

Field Marshall Hindenburg and General Ludendorff.

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10
Q

How did the German monarchy end?

A

Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated after knowing he could not win WW1.

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11
Q

Define Abdicating.

A

Giving up leadership

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12
Q

What did Hindenburg and Ludendorff recommend after knowing that Germany was not going to win WW1?

A

They recommended a democratic government to make a peace settlement with the allied powers

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13
Q

When did Hindenburg inform the Reichstag of the decision to create a more democratic government?

A

3rd October 1918

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14
Q

Who did the Kaiser appoint to be chancellor when it was decided for Germany to have a more democratic government in September/October 1918?

A

Prince Max of Baden, who was a liberal.

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15
Q

Who did German military leaders hand over power to so they could take the blame for losing WW1?

A

the civilian government.

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16
Q

When did the Kaiser lost the support of his military?

A

28th October 1918

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17
Q

What was Kiel Mutiny?

A

When the sailors in the German navy refused to follow the Kaiser’s orders

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18
Q

Who caused mass strikes in Munich after supporting an uprising against the Kaiser?

A

Kurt Eisner, who was a communist.

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19
Q

When did the Kaiser lose support of his advisors and was forced to abdicate which he refused until the army also withdrew support so he abdicated and fled to Holland?

A

9th November 1918

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20
Q

When was the German Republic born?

A

10th November 1918

21
Q

Who declared the new German Republic, and what was he a member of?

A

Philipp Scheidemann, who was a member of the SPD

22
Q

Who was the leader of the SPD?

A

Freidrich Ebert

23
Q

Who became the leader of the German Republic?

A

Freidrich Ebert, who was also the leader of the SPD.

24
Q

What was the name of the temporary government that the leader of the German Republic created until the new elections in January 1919?

A

the Council of People’s representatives

25
Q

Who from Germany signed the WW1 armistice and when?

A

Freidrich Ebert signed the Armistice on the 11th November 1918.

26
Q

Who became known as the November Criminals?

A

Ebert, the leader of the German Republic and the SPD and the politicians.

27
Q

Why was the leader of the German Republic and their politicians known as the November Criminals?

A

Because many Germans felt that Germany could have won the war, but Freidrich Ebert signed the armistice.

28
Q

Where became a place for a revolt after the end of WW1 in Germany?

A

Berlin

29
Q

When did Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicate and where did he flee to?

A

9th November 1918, he fled to Holland.

30
Q

What year was the Treaty of Versailles signed in?

A

1919.

31
Q

What was article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles?

A

The War Guilt Clause.

32
Q

How much did Germany have to pay in reparations due to the Treaty of Versailles?

A

£6.6 billion

33
Q

How much of Germany’s land and population did they lose after the Treaty of Versailles was signed?

A

10% of its land and 12.5% of its population.

34
Q

Where in Germany was demilitarised due to the TofV?

A

The Rhineland

35
Q

What were the military restrictions given to Germany in the TofV?

A

They were only allowed:
100,000 soldiers
15,000 sailors
6 ships
0 Submarines
0 armoured vehicles

36
Q

True or False: the TofV allowed Anschluss, the joining of Austria and Germany.

A

False, the TofV stated that that Anschluss was not to happen.

37
Q

When did the Weimar Republic stop paying their reparation instalments because they didn’t have the money?

A

1922

38
Q

What happened as a result of Germany not paying there reparations as they didn’t have the money in 1922?

A

In 1923 France and Belgium seized the Ruhr Valley, as it was rich in coal and other goods.

39
Q

Where was the main industrial region in Germany?

A

The Ruhr.

40
Q

Was the seizing of the Ruhr legal because of the TofV?

A

Yes, seizing the Ruhr was legal.

41
Q

Over 8 months, how many people were killed and kicked out of their homes in the Ruhr by France and Belgium?

A

132 people were killed and 150,000 Germans were kicked out of their homes.

42
Q

When did Hyperinflation in Germany start?

A

1923

43
Q

What system did people use to get around the problem of hyperinflation?

A

The barter system (trading items)

44
Q

True or false: people got their savings back when hyperinflation ended.

A

False, People did NOT get their savings back when hyperinflation ended.

45
Q

What was Passive Resistance?

A

When Ebert, the leader of the German Republic,told workers in the Ruhr to go on strike due to France and Belgium overtaking the Ruhr.

46
Q

What was the German state formed after the Kaiser widely known as?

A

Weimar Germany

47
Q

What 2 types of people benefitted from hyperinflation?

A

-People with debt
-farmers who sold food

48
Q

What did the German population believe the TofV was?

A

Diktat

History: Nazi Germany 1890-1945 (7 decks)

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