1.2 Systems and Models Flashcards
Define a “system”
A system is a set of interrelated parts and the connection between them that unites them to form a complex whole
Types of systems (Open, closed, isolated) - With examples
Open: Exhanges matter and energy with its surrounding (ex. Ecosystems like ponds )
Closed: Exhanges energy but does not exchange matter (ex. nitrogen cycle)
Isolated: Exchanges neither energy nor matter with its surroundings (ex. the universe)
The carbon cycle (state inputs and outputs)
INPUTS:
- Energy LIGHT
- Water CO2
- Combustion
OUTPUTS:
- Energy HEAT
- Organic Plant materia
Difference between matter and enegry:
Energy FLOWS and matter CYCLES
Describe energy flow:
- The ultimate source of all energy in any system is solar radiation form the sun
- This energy is then converted into chemical bonds during photosynthesis
- Bonds are broken down during respiration to release energy that can be used for life processes (ex, breathing, running, sleeping) or it can be lost as heat
- Energy flows IN as light and OUT as heat
Define Transfers:
Transfers move energy or matter from one place to another without changing it in any way. For example: water flows in rivers accross the land
Define transformations:
Transformations move enrgy and matter vut in the process of doing so there is a change of state or form. For example: Energy is converted into matter during photosynthesis
What is a model:
A model is a simplified version of reality that tells a story about what happens in the natural world
Advantages of models:
ADV:
- HELP illustrate complex concepts and formulate hypthesis
- Bring out patterns
- Simplified version of life (easier)
- Can study things that are either too small or too large. Ex: Atoms
Disadvantages of models:
DISADV:
- Lack detail so predictions may not be accurate
- If there are no figures on the models it gives a false impression
- Oversimplifies = Misunderstanding
- May be misleading, do we really see how small an atom is?
Most common models in ESS?
Systems and Simulations
