12 - Subsystem Patterning Flashcards
Rhythm
Use of beat/song like timing
“Twinkle, Twinkle little star. How I wonder what you are”
Alliteration
repeating leading sounds
“She sells sea shells by the sea shore”
Consonance
repeating consonant sounds
“Mike likes his new bike”
Ononomatopoeia
Use of sounds in text/speech
“Boom, Bam, Splash”
Rhyme
Repeating ending sounds
“Too cool for school”
Assonance
Repeating vowel sounds
“He eats sweet treats”
Parallelism
Repetition of grammatical structures
“Try doing your best by doing your duty”
Antithesis
Two contrasting ideas next to each other
“It was the best and the worst”
Listing
Series of relating ideas, items or elements
“She likes to eat cherries, strawberries and blueberries”
Affixation
The process of forming a new word by the addition of affixes
government (govern + -ment)
Abbreviation
A shortened word or phrase
“lol, laugh out loud”
Shortening
Forming a new word by removing part of a longer word
pram (perambulator)
Compounding
A word formed by joining two full words together into a single word
keyboard (key + board)
Blending
Blending or combing of two words
“smog, smoke + fog”
Backformation
when what is wrongly thought to be an affix if removed
“televise -> television”
Conversion
when a word changes its word class without adding affixes
“email (noun -> noun + verb)”
Initialisms
an abbreviation formed from initial letters of a series of a word pronounced separately
“FBI, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Acronym
A word formed from the initial letters of a series of words that are pronounced as a word
ANZAC (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps)
Contractions
Process of shortening a word or words by omitting letters and replacing them with an apostrophe
“aren’t, are not”
Smilies
compares elements using ‘like’ of ‘as’
“she is as graceful as a swan”
Oxymoron
contradictory words and phrases used in a combination
“Deafening Silence”
Puns
exploit of a lexical ambiguity, pronunciation and similar sounding words for humorous effect
“Grammar lovers have a lot of comma sense”
Metaphors
compares to elements
“Time is money”
Animations
a pattern that attributes human qualities characteristics or actions to something not human that focuses on movement not emotion or consciousness
“The flames licked the walls of the house”
Irony
use of sarcasm or backhanded compliments to express emotions
“Great weather, when its raining”
Lexical Ambiguity
existence of two or more possible meanings within a single word
“I saw her duck”
Personification
a pattern that attributes human qualities characteristics or actions to something not human
“The clouds wept tear of rain”
