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CPSY 202 Psych 2 > 12 - Stress, Coping, & Health > Flashcards

12 - Stress, Coping, & Health Flashcards

1
Q

Acupuncture 12

A

Ancient Chinese practice of inserting thin needles into more than 2000 points in the body to alter energy forces believed to run through the body.

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2
Q

Adrenaline 12

A

A hormone released by your adrenal glands and some neurons. Also called epinephrine.

Adrenal glands are located at the top of each kidney and are controlled by the pituitary gland.

It’s released in response to a stressful, exciting, dangerous, or threatening situation. Helps your body react more quickly, makes the heart beat faster, increases blood flow to the brain and muscles, and stimulates the body to make sugar to use for fuel.

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3
Q

Aerobic Exercise 12

A

Exercise that promotes the use of oxygen in the body.

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4
Q

High 12

A

People who cope well in the aftermath of a stressor tend to display relatively (high/low) levels of functioning before the event.

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5
Q

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 12

A

A life-threatening, incurable, yet treatable condition in which the human immunodeficiency virus attacks and damages the immune system.

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6
Q

Alternative Medicine 12

A

Health care practices and products used in place of conventional medicine.

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7
Q

Alzheimer Care-Givers 12

A

Wounds took 24% longer to heal in __________ __________.

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8
Q

Antigens 12

A

Potentially illness inducing organisms, substances, bacteria, and viruses.

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9
Q

Arthritis 12

A

Immune System causes swelling and pain at joints.

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10
Q

Arthritis 12

A

An example of an autoimmune disease in which the immune system is overactive is (arthritis/alcoholism).

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11
Q

Atheroschlorosis 12

A

Condition created by the narrowing and blocking of Artery walls caused by cholestrol. Associated with an inflamatory response in artery walls.

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12
Q

Avoidant-Oriented Coping 12

A

Giving up hope or dodging problems to cope with stress. Least effecting coping mechanism.

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13
Q

Biofeedback 12

A

Feedback by a device that provides almost an immediate output of a biological function, such as heart rate or skin temperature.

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14
Q

Psychological 12

A

A biopsychosocial perspective proposes that most medical conditions are neither all physical nor all _________.

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15
Q

Biopsychosocial Perspective 12

A

The view that an illness or medical condition is the product of the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors.

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16
Q

Coronary Heart Disease 12

A

Scientists have learned that psychological factors, including stress and personality traits, are key risk factors for _______ _______ ______.

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17
Q

Clinician’s Illusion 12

A

Refers to the fact that Psychologists tend to see only those who are not healthy and sometimes overestimate fragility and/or underestimate resiliance.

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18
Q

Central Nervous 12

A

Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of the relationship between the immune system and the _______ _______ system.

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19
Q

Unemployment | Interpersonal Difficulties 12

A

In a study, ____________ and _________ ___________ lasting more than a month were the best predictors of who caught a cold (because of inflamatory response linked to colds?)

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20
Q

Can 12

A

Research has shown that stress (can/can’t) decrease resistance to the cold virus.

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21
Q

Complementary Medicine 12

A

Health care practices and products used together with conventional medicine.

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22
Q

Coronary Heart Disease 12

A

Damage to the heart from the complete or partial blockage of the arteries that provide oxygen to the heart. Number 1 cause of Death in the US. 29% of Deaths in Canada; 22% v. 19% male to female ration., while 9% vs. 6% female to male ratio died of stroke.

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23
Q

Corticosteroid 12

A

Stress hormone that activates the body and prepares us to respond to stressful circumstances.

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24
Q

Cortosol 12

A

Stress Hormone

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25
Q

Emotion-Focused Coping 12

A

Coping strategy that features a positive outlook on feelings or situations accompanied by behaviours that reduce painful emotions.

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26
Q

the Emotional Brain 12

A

Includes the Amydala, Hypothalamus, and Hippocampus. Considered to be the seat of anxiety within the limbic system.

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27
Q

Fight-or-Flight 12

A

The ________ response is a set of physiological or psychological reactions that mobilize us to either confront or escape a threatening situation.

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28
Q

Fight-or-Flight Response 12

A

Physical and psychological reaction that mobilizes people and animals to either defend themselves or escape a threatening situation.

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29
Q

Flashbacks12

A

The telltale symptoms of PTSD include vivid memories, feelings, and images of traumatic experiences, known commonly as _________.

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30
Q

Behavioural - step up to deal with

Cognitive - think differently and adapt

Decisional - choose alternatives

Informational - learn about stressor

Emotional - suppress or expresslon 12

A

Forms of Control

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31
Q

Franz Alexander 12

A

In 1950, argued peptic ulcers were caused by the reawakening of childhood cravings for food and feelings of dependancy.

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32
Q

The alarm reaction involves the excitation of the autonomic nervous system, the discharge of the stress hormone adrenalin, and physical symptoms of anxiety. 12

A

Identify the brain and body components activated in the alarm reaction proposed by Selye’s GAS, depicted here.

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33
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome [GAS] 12

A

Stress response pattern proposed by Hans Selye that consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

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34
Q

Hardiness 12

A

Set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over events, commitment to life and work, and courage and motivation to confront stressful circumstances.

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35
Q

Hassle 12

A

Minor annoyance or nuisance that strains our ability to cope.

36
Q

Hassles Scale 12

A

Measures how stressful events from small annoyances to major daily pressures ae associated with general health.

37
Q

Health Psychology 12

A

Field of psychology, also called behavioural medicine, that integrates the behavioural sciences with the practice of medicine.

38
Q

Helicobacter Pylori 12

A

Bacteria that thrives in stomach acid and causes 90& of peptic ulcers.

39
Q

human immunodeficiency virus 12

A

AIDS in a life-threatening, incurable, yet treatable disease in which the _________ _________ _______ attacks and damages the immune system.

40
Q

Homeopathic Medicine 12

A

Remedies that feature a small dose of an illness-inducing substance to activate the body’s own natural defences.

41
Q

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis 12

A

Hypothalamus

⬇

Anterior Pituitary

⬇

Adrenal Cortex

⬇

Cortisol

42
Q

Immune System 12

A

Our body’s defence system against invading bacteria, viruses, and other potentially illness-producing organisms and substances.

43
Q

Issues with Social Readjustment Rating Scale [SRRS] 12

A
  1. Focuses on more negative events than positive
  2. Does not differentiate chronic vs acute stressors
  3. Does not apply to all groups
  4. Holmes & Rahe sampled Caucasian groups to create the scale
  5. Different populations may rank various stressors differently
  6. African-Americans rank change in living condition, personal injury & work responsibility higher than Caucasian Americans
  7. It is an adult scale
  8. What about children and younger adults?
44
Q

Lisa Berkman and Leonard Syme 12

A

Conducted a 9 year landmark study on how Social Support buffers and protects from stressors.

45
Q

Macrophages 12

A

Destroy antigens and dead tissue in the body.

46
Q

Meditation 12

A

A variety of practices that train attention and awareness.

47
Q

Morgellan’s Disease 12

A

Delusional Infestation

48
Q

Multiple Schlorosis 12

A

Immune System attacks Mylon Sheath surrounding neurons.

49
Q

Oxycotin 12

A

Love and Bonding Hormone

50
Q

Oxycoton 12

A

The hormone __________ further counters stress and promotes the tend-and-befriend response.

51
Q

Pathogens 12

A

Disease producing organisms

52
Q

Peptic Ulcer 12

A

Inflamed area in the gastrointestinal tract that can cause pain, nausea, and loss of appetite.

53
Q

Hans Selye 12

A

Proposed General Adaptation Syndrome. Published “the Stress of Life”

54
Q

Richard Lazarus 12

A

Proposed the Stress as Transaction Approach

55
Q

White Blood Cell

Phagocytes / Lymphocytes 12

A

two types of _____ _____ _______ that protect us fron infection are __________ and ___________.

56
Q

Better 12

A

The frequency and perceived severity of hassles are (better/worse) predictors of physical health than major life events.

57
Q

Prevalence of PTSD

A

Lifetime prevalence of _____ about 5% in men and 10% in women.

58
Q

Primary Appraisal 12

A

Initial decision regarding whether an event is harmful. Is it a threat? How severe? Has to do with the Stressor out there.

59
Q

Proactive Coping 12

A

Anticipation of problems and stressful situations that promotes effective coping.

60
Q

Problem-Focused Coping 12

A

Coping strategy by which we problem solve and tackle life’s challenges head-on. Form of behaviour control.

61
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology 12

A

Study of the relationship between the immune system and central nervous system.

62
Q

Psychophysiological 12

A

Illnesses such as asthma and ulcers in which emotions and stress contribute to, maintain, or aggravate the physical condition.

63
Q

Psychosomatic 12

A

Cause of illness attributed to deep seated conflicts and emotional reactions.

64
Q

PostTraumatic Stress Disorder 12

A

The severity, duration, and nearness to the stressor affect people’s likelihood of developing _______ ________ ________.

65
Q

Resistance 12

A

During the ________ stage of the GAS, we adapt to the stressor and try to find a way to cope with it.

66
Q

Secondary Appraisal 12

A

Perceptions regarding our ability to cope with an event that follows innitial evaluation. Do I have resources to cope with the threat? To do with inner resources.

67
Q

65% 12

A

In a survey of New York City area residents after September 11th, researchers found that (25%/65%) of the sample were resiliant.

68
Q

Social Readjustment Rating Scale

A

Question based on 43 life events that ranks stressful situations and assigns them a value.

69
Q

Social Support 12

A

Relationships with people and groups that can provide us with emotional comfort and personal and financial resources.

70
Q

Spirituality 12

A

Search for the sacred, which may or may not extend to belief in God.

71
Q

SRRS 12

A

Social Readjustment Rating Scale

72
Q

Stress 12

A

The tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation, called a stressor — a type of stimulus — strains our ability to cope effectively. The term found it’s way into psychological literature in 1944.

73
Q

Stress 12

A

The tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation strains our ability to cope is called ____________.

74
Q

Stress as a Response 12

A

Study of Stress as a Physiological Manifestation.

75
Q

Stress as Transaction Approach 12

A

View of studying stess based on how people interpret and cope with events. Richard Lazarus proposed we assess the threat before then assess if we can can deal with it. Optimism adopts the problem-focused coping of dealing head-on — if we can’t avoid/control we adopt the emotion-focused coping of positive emotional spin.

76
Q

the Stress of Life 12

A

Published by Hans Selye

77
Q

Stressors as Stimuli Approach 12

A

Survivors of Hurrican Sandy might be of particular interest to researchers who study stress from which viewpoint?

78
Q

Stressors as Stimuli Approach 12

A

Survivors of Hurricane Sandy might be of interest to those who study stress from what viewpoint?

79
Q

cytokines | T cells | B cells | antibodies 12

A

__________ signal __ cells to attach to viruses and kill them. ____ cells produce __________ which attach to invaders and attract other proteins to destroy invaders.

80
Q

Tend and Befriend 12

A

Reaction that mobilizes people to nurture or seek social support under stress.

81
Q

Both responses refer to ways of coping with stressors. During flight-or-flight, a person is physically and psychologically mobilized to either fight or fell. In contrast, during stress women often rely on social support and nurturing abilities (tend/befriend) to help cope. 12

A

What are the similarities and differences between Shelley Taylor’s tend-and-befriend respionse and the flight-or-flight response?

82
Q

the Thinking Brain 12

A

Coined by Joseph LeDoux and refers to portions of the Cerebral Cortex.

83
Q

Trauma 12

A

An event so severe that it can produce long-term psychological or health consequences.

84
Q

Type A personality type describes people who are competative, driven, hostile, ambitious, and impatient. Research indicates that the anger component of the Type A personality can be deadly, increasing our risk for coronary heart disease. 12

A

What are the characteristics of a Type A personality and what health risks are associated with such a personality?

85
Q

Type A Personality 12

A

Personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious

86
Q

Are Not 12

A

Ulcers (are/aren’t) cause by hot, spicy foods.

CPSY 202 Psych 2 (4 decks)

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