12, solutions Flashcards
solute
substance being dissolved
solvent
substance present in greater amount
types of gaseous solutions
- air
- humid air
types of liquid solutions
- vinegar
- salt water
types of solid solutions
-sterling silver
soluble
will dissolve
insoluble
will not dissolve
miscible
2 gases or liquid that form a solution
-food coloring in water
immiscible
two gases or liquids that won’t mix
-oil and water
suspension
only stay mixed with constant stirring
-muddy water
colloid
particles intermediate, mixtures are formed
tyndall effect
- “looks cloudy”
- light is scattered by colloidal particles
dissolution
- process of dissolving
- solute particles are surrounded by solvent particles
dissociation
separation of ions
ionization
ions are formed from covalent compounds
electrolyte
conducts electricity when dissolved in water
nonelectrolyte
does not conduct electricity when dissolved in water
strong electrolytes
all molecules dissolve into ions
weak electrolytes
some molecules become ionized and others stay molecules
factors affecting dissolution
- mixing
- temperature
- surface area
saturated solution
maximum amount of dissolved solute
unsaturated solution
less than the saturated amount of solute
pressure and solubility are _____ related
directly
solubility _______ as temperature increases
decreases
concentrated
lots of solute
dilute
not much solute
molarity equation
amount of solute(mol)
___________________
volume of solution (L)
increasing the temperature of a liquid causes the solubility of a solid to ___
increase
increasing the temperature of a gas causes the solubility of a solid to ___
increase
