12: Respiration Flashcards
State the uses of energy in living organisms (name 2)
MOST IMPORTANT = photosynthesis
SECOND MOST IMPORTANT = respiration
Name at least 3 processes that use the energy released during respiration
- Muscle contraction
- Protein synthesis
- Cell division
- Active transport
- Growth
- The passage of nerve impulses and the maintenance of a constant body temperature
What is the effect of temperature on respiration in yeast?
The higher the temperature, the more carbon dioxide will be released by yeast, therefore forming a greater amount of bubbles
What is aerobic respiration?
The chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
What is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is anaerobic respiration?
The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen
How is anaerobic respiration different to aerobic respiration?
It releases much less energy per glucose molecule
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?
glucose –> alcohol + carbon dioxide
What is the balanced chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?
C6H12O6 –> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles during vigorous exercise?
glucose –> lactic acid
Where does lactic acid build up and what does it do?
It builds up in muscles and blood during vigorous exercise causing an oxygen debt
How is oxygen debt removed after exercise?
- the continuation of a fast heart rate transports lactic acid into the blood from the muscles to the liver
- the continuation of deeper and faster breaths to supply oxygen for aerobic respiration of lactic acid
- aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver
