12. Mushroom poisoning Flashcards
Name examples of a Mushroom that contains alkaloids?
1) Fiber caps
2) Amanita muscaria (fly – agaric), Amanita pantherina.
What are the therapy options for mushroom poisoning?
supportive - protection of liver and kidney, forced diuresis, hemoperfusion, glucocorticoids. Other possibilities ??? - high dose G-penicillin, silibinin and N-acetylcysteine.
What are the symptoms of mushroom poisoning?
Symptoms are of two phases: Early: emesis, diarrhea, shock(8-24 hr) (fluid loss, inhibition of vasomotor center, cardiac effect) damage of intestinal mucosa, liver, kidney Late: hepatotoxicity - icterus, fulminant hepatitis(48 hr later) high lethality because of hepatotocicity, toxic nephorosis
Name mushrooms containing toxic polypeptides and their MOA?
- Amanita phalloides (death-cup), A. virosa, A. verna, etc. They contain amatoxins: amanitin alpha - cyclic octapeptide – inhibits the RNA polimerase II, phalloidine – cyclic heptapeptide –does not absorb. They have a delayed onset.
What is the MOA of fiber caps?
There is a rapid onset. Inocybe-types: contain muscarine, muscarine is more potent than atropine…
What is the MOA of Amanita Muscaria (fly – agaric) Amanita pantherina?
Rapid onset, MOA: contain muscarine, muscimol GABAA agonist and ibotenic acid (non-selective glutamate receptor agonist).
What are the symptoms of fiber cap poisoning?
Parasympathomimetic effects
What are the therapy options for fiber cap poisoning?
Atropine 1-2 mg in every 30min
What are the symptoms of Amanita Muscaria (fly – agaric) Amanita pantherina poisoning?
Salivation, sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, than symptoms similar to atropine intoxication (restlessness, hallucinations, delirium) Symptoms generally go by within 12-16 hours, rarely fatal
What are the therapy options for Amanita Muscaria (fly – agaric) Amanita pantherina poisoning?
Symptomatic - NO ATROPINE
