1.2 Liberation of Europe and Yalta

Question 1

What were ACC’s?

Answer 1

Allied Control Commissions
- Set up in each occupied territory
- Administered a territory

Question 2

Liberation of Poland

Answer 2

• 1944 USSR annexed past Curzon line and destroyed Polish Home Army
• Warsaw Uprising and PHA defeated by Germany
• Soviet and Polish communist violence to enforce communism

Question 3

What did Stalin recognise in Jan 1945 in regards to Poland and Western reaction?

Answer 3

Formally recognised the Communist dominated committee for National
Liberation as the provisional Gov. Of Poland
- West Played down the interests of the Polish gov in exile due to the grand alliances interests

Question 4

Liberation of Yugoslavia

Answer 4

• Oct 1944 USSR and partisan troops fighting Germans in Belgrade
• Tito fought Germans and non-communist supporters
• Nov 1944 Tito est communism in Yugoslavia and Albania
• Stalin vetoed Tito’s aims to turn Bulgaria into province of Yugoslavia

Question 5

Liberation in Greece

Answer 5

• ELAS was the communist controlled government and they were most effective
• Communist takeover by 1944
• Dec 44 Communist revolt in Greece
• Stalin stopped Tito giving aid to Communists and allowed GB to put down the Communist revolt.

Question 6

Yalta agreements regarding Germany

Answer 6

• Each power allocated its zone
• Berlin divided under Four-Power control

Question 7

When was Yalta?

Answer 7

4-11 February 1945

Question 8

Yalta agreements regarding security

Answer 8

• UN was established
  ‘ Declaration of Liberated Europe’
• Underpin the right of liberated states to have their own government
• Committed Grand Alliance to carry out emergency measures to assist liberated states and encourage democratic governments

Question 9

Agreements on Poland at Yalta

Answer 9

• Poland and agreements were made on ambiguous terms
• Poland’s border to run along the curzon line
• They’d receive land in Germany as compensation
• Reorganise the provisional government by including democratic politicians from both Poland the the London government in exile

Question 10

Conclusion of Yalta agreements regarding Poland

Answer 10

Reorganise the provisional government by including democratic politicians from both Poland the the London government in exile

Question 11

Stalin after Yalta

Answer 11

• Security was the objective
• Wanted to maintain some cooperation with the West
• Believed Poland was essential
• Focused on Eastern Europe maintaining within Soviet sphere of influence
• Wanted Germany economically weak and communist state in the future

Question 12

Roosevelt following Yalta

Answer 12

• Wants to keep democracy
• Keep peace with the USSR
• Wanted Eastern-Europe to be non communist and democratic

Question 13

Churchill after Yalta

Answer 13

• Believed Soviets could be threat to Britain’s empire
• Close alliance with USA to cut out threats

Question 14

Disagreements over the Security Council

Answer 14

• Whether the veto should be used
• USSR wanted the veto
• USSR attempted to spread influence by having 16 member republics of the USSR should be UN members

Question 15

What happened at San Fransisco in April 1945 - Subsequent UN meeting?

Answer 15

• Veto given
• Only 2 soviet republicans (Belarus and Ukraine) were given seats in Assembly in addition to 1 of the whole Soviet Union