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Simmons NURP 502 Exam 4 > 12: Knee Pain > Flashcards

12: Knee Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Softening and breakdown of articular cartilage of the patella (underside); bone rubbing on bone.

A

Chondromalacia

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2
Q

T/F Always x-ray with patellar point tenderness or direct trauma to the patella.

A

True. Patellar fracture is a surgical emergency.

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3
Q
  • Caused by compression forces twisting and shearing.
  • Often confused with meniscal tear, but over time it doesn’t improve.
A

Tibial plateau fracture

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4
Q

Caused by twisting or rotary force usually applied to a flexed knee.

A

Meniscal tear (common in degeneration when menisci dry out)

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5
Q

Ligament important for stabilization of the knee.

A

ACL

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6
Q

Injury common in basketball and soccer.

A

ACL tear

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7
Q

Injury common in football.

A

PCL tear

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8
Q

Injury occurs when foot is planted, knee is flexed, and individual suddenly changes direction.

A

ACL tear

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9
Q

Injury occurs when person is hit from behind to anterior proximal tibia and knee is flexed.

A

PCL tear

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10
Q

Valgus stress or external force with knee flexed (football or basketball).

A

MCL tear

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11
Q

Is an ACL or PCL tear more common?

A

ACL

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12
Q

Is an MCL or LCL injury more commonly associated with an ACL tear?

A

MCL

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13
Q

Varus stress causes injury.

A

LCL tear

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14
Q

Can have sprains and pain for both the _____ and _____ ligaments, with stability.

A

Can have sprains and pain for both the lateral and medial collateral ligaments, with stability.

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15
Q

Why is it important to ask if the knee buckles or gives out?

A

With a tear, the knee won’t give support.

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16
Q

Locking may suggest a _____.

A

Locking may suggest a meniscal tear.

17
Q

What does a duck walk evaluate?

A

Meniscal tear

18
Q

Your patient presents with swelling and ecchymosis down the back of the leg. What do you suspect?

A

Ruputured Baker’s cyst.

19
Q

Where are Baker’s cysts found?

A

In popliteal fossa between heads of gastrocnemius.

20
Q

T/F We all have Baker’s cysts.

A

True. But some get enlarged and inflamed.

21
Q

According to Ottawa Rules for the knee, when do you order x-rays (5)?

A
  1. 55+
  2. Direct patellar point tenderness
  3. Tenderness to head of fibula
  4. Inability to flex 90 degrees
  5. Inability to walk immediately (non-weight-bearing)
22
Q

What view of knee x-ray is best for looking underneath the patella?

A

Sunrise View

23
Q

Knee management (4).

A
  1. NSAIDs
  2. RICE
  3. ACE wrap or knee support (better compression)
  4. Evaluate for physical therapy
24
Q

T/F The knee is best examined immediately after injury.

A

Not always. Sometimes it can take a few days to optimally examine the knee (swelling).

25
Q

3 indications for an MRI.

A
  1. Extremity is locked
  2. Pain is too much
  3. Patient cannot stand up (laxity)
26
Q

When do you refer to ortho for knee pain (7)?

A
  1. Neurovascular compromise
  2. Suspected fractures
  3. Dislocation of patella
  4. Grade 2 or 3 sprains (with laxity and bruising)
  5. Suspected ACL injury
  6. Torn meniscus
  7. If no improvement after 2-4 weeks of conservative treatment
27
Q

If foot is turned medially (inward) and extended during McMurray it evaluates the _____.

A

If foot is turned medially (inward) and extended during McMurray it evaluates the lateral meniscus.

28
Q

If foot is turned laterally (outward) and extended during McMurray, it evaluates the _____.

A

If foot is turned laterally (outward) and extended during McMurray, it evaluates the medial meniscus.

29
Q

If the tibia subluxes and you can bring down the femur, this is a positive _____ and evaluates the ACL.

A

If the tibia subluxes and you can bring down the femur, this is a positive Lachmann and evaluates the ACL.

30
Q

Are MCL or LCL tears more common?

A

MCL

31
Q

A medial meniscus tear with point tenderness is more common after _____.

A

A medial meniscus tear with point tenderness is more common after trauma.

32
Q

Problems with _____ (patients with shallower grooves) esp in women can lead to arthritis, anterior knee pain, and patellar dislocation.

A

Problems with patellar tracking (patients with shallower grooves) esp in women can lead to arthritis, anterior knee pain, and patellar dislocation.

33
Q

In women, quadriceps contraction tends to have a more _____ pull (Q angle) that alters patellar tracking contributing to _____ knee pain.

A

In women, quadriceps contraction tends to have a more lateral pull (Q angle) that alters patellar tracking contributing to anterior knee pain.

Simmons NURP 502 Exam 4 (21 decks)

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