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ECU Motor Speech Disorders > 1.2 - Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

1.2 - Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cranial Nerve I?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Olfactory

Cerebral hemispheres

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2
Q

What is Cranial Nerve I?

What is its FUNCTION?

A

Olfactory

Smell

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3
Q

What is Cranial Nerve II?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Optic

Diencephalon

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4
Q

What is Cranial Nerve II?

What is its FUNCTION?

A

Optic

Vision

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5
Q

What is Cranial Nerve III?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Oculomotor

Midbrain

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6
Q

What is Cranial Nerve III?

What is its FUNCTION? (2)

A

Oculomotor

//

Eye movement

Pupil constriction

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7
Q

What is Cranial Nerve IV?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Trochlear

Midbrain

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8
Q

What is Cranial Nerve IV?

What is its FUNCTION?

A

Trochlear

Eye movement

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9
Q

What is Cranial Nerve V?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Trigeminal

Pons

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10
Q

What is Cranial Nerve V?

What is its FUNCTION? (4)

A

Trigeminal

//

Jaw movement

Jaw sensation

Facial sensation

Mouth sensation

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11
Q

What is Cranial Nerve VI?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Abducens

Pons

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12
Q

What is Cranial Nerve VI?

What is its FUNCTION?

A

Abducens

Eye movement

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13
Q

What is Cranial Nerve VII?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Facial

Pons

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14
Q

What is Cranial Nerve VII?

What is its FUNCTION? (6)

A

Facial

//

Facial movement

Hyoid elevation

Stapedius reflex (to high intensity sound)

Salivation

Lacrimation (flow of tears)

Taste

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15
Q

What is Cranial Nerve VIII?

Where does it ORIGINATE? (2)

A

Cochleovestibular (Auditory)

//

Pons

Medulla

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16
Q

What is Cranial Nerve VIII?

What is its FUNCTION? (2)

A

Cochleovestibular (Auditory)

//

Hearing

Balance

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17
Q

What is Cranial Nerve IX?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Glossopharyngeal

Medulla

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18
Q

What is Cranial Nerve IX?

What is its FUNCTION? (4)

A

Glossopharyngeal

//

Pharyngeal movement

Pharyngeal sensation

Tongue sensation

Taste

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19
Q

What is Cranial Nerve X?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Vegus

Medulla

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20
Q

What is Cranial Nerve X?

What is its FUNCTION? (5)

A

Vegus

//

Pharyngeal movement

Pharyngeal sensation

Palatal movement

Laryngeal movement

Control of visceral organs

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21
Q

What is Cranial Nerve XI?

Where does it ORIGINATE? (2)

A

Accessory

//

Medulla

Spinal cord

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22
Q

What is Cranial Nerve XI?

What is its FUNCTION? (2)

A

Accessory

//

Shoulder movement

Neck movement

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23
Q

What is Cranial Nerve XII?

Where does it ORIGINATE?

A

Hypoglossal

Medulla

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24
Q

What is Cranial Nerve XII?

What is its FUNCTION?

A

Hypoglossal

Tongue movement

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25
Q

What cranial nerve originates from the Cerebral Hemispheres?

A

I - Olfactory

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26
Q

What cranial nerve originates from the Diencephalon?

A

II - Optic

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27
Q

What 2 cranial nerves originate from the Midbrain?

A

(3-4)

III - Oculomotor

IV - Trochlear

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28
Q

What 4 cranial nerves originate from the Pons?

A

(5-8)

V - Trigeminal

VI - Abducens

VII - Facial

VIII - Cochleovestibular (Auditory)

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29
Q

What 5 cranial nerves originate from the Medulla?

A

(8-12)

VIII - Cochleovestibular (Auditory)

IX - Glossopharyngeal

X - Vegus

XI - Accessory

XII - Hypoglossal

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30
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Smell?

A

I - Olfactory

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31
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Jaw Movement?

A

V - Trigeminal

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32
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Vision

A

II - Optic

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33
Q

What 3 cranial nerves are involved in Eye Movement

A

III - Oculomotor

IV - Trochlear

VI - Abducens

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34
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Hyoid Elevation?

A

VII - Facial

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35
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Pupil Constriction?

A

III - Oculomotor

36
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Facial Sensation

A

V - Trigeminal

37
Q

What 2 cranial nerves are involved in Pharyngeal Sensation?

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal

X - Vegus

38
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Lacrimation (tear production)?

A

VII - Facial

39
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Jaw Sensation?

A

V - Trigeminal

40
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in the Stapedius Reflex?

A

VII - Facial

41
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in the Control of Visceral Organs?

42
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Facial Movement?

A

VII - Facial

43
Q

What 2 cranial nerves are involved in Pharyngeal Movement?

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal

X - Vegus

44
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Mouth Sensation?

A

V - Trigeminal

45
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Balance?

A

VIII - Cochleovestibular (Auditory)

46
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Salivation?

A

VII - Facial

47
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Palatal Movement?

48
Q

What 2 cranial nerves are involved in Taste?

A

VII - Facial

IX - Glossopharyngeal

49
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Shoulder Movement?

A

XI - Accessory

50
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Hearing?

A

VIII - Cochleovestibular (Auditory)

51
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Tongue Sensation?

A

IX - Glossopharyngeal

52
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Neck Movement?

A

XI - Accessory

53
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Laryngeal Movement?

54
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in Tongue Movement?

A

XII - Hypoglossal

55
Q

What 6 cranial nerves are most important to SLPs?

A

V - Trigeminal

VII - Facial

IX - Glossopharyngeal

X - Vegus

XI - Accessory

XII - Hypoglossal

56
Q

Which is the largest cranial nerve?

A

V - Trigeminal

57
Q

What kinds of Sensory Information is transmitted by the Trigeminal Nerve (V)?

(2)

A

Pain, thermal, and tactile sensation from the face and forehead, the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, the teeth, and portions of the cranial dura.

Deep pressure and kinesthetic information from the teeth, gums, hard palate, and temporomandibular joint

58
Q

What does the Trigeminal Nerve (V)? provide Motor Innervation for?

(5)

A

Muscles of mastication

Mylohyoid

Anterior belly of the digastric

Tensor tympani

Tensor veli palatini

59
Q

What are the 3 Branches of the Trigeminal Nerve (V)?

A

Ophthalmic

Maxillary

Mandibular

60
Q

What do LMN Lesions of the Masticatory Nucleus cause?

Trigeminal Nerve - V

A

Paresis or paralysis

61
Q

Do Unilateral Lesions of the Trigeminal Nerve (V) have major effects on speech?

62
Q

Do Bilateral Lesions of the Trigeminal Nerve (V) have major effects on speech?

(3)

A

Yes.

They can be devastating because the jaw hangs open, cannot be closed, or moves slowly and with limited range.

This prevents facial, bilabial, and lingual articulatory movements from achieving accurate place and manner of articulation.

63
Q

What kind of nerve is the Facial Nerve (VII)?

A

Mixed motor and sensory nerve

64
Q

Where does the Facial Nerve (VII) provide MOTOR Innervation?

2

A

Muscles of facial expression

Stapedius muscle

65
Q

Where does the Facial Nerve (VII) provide SENSORY Innervation?

(3)

A

Submandibular, sublingual, and lacrimal glands

Taste receptors on the anterior two thirds of the tongue

Nasopharynx

66
Q

What kind of nerve is the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)?

A

Mixed motor and sensory nerve

67
Q

Where does the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX) provide MOTOR Innervation?

(2)

A

Stylopharyngeus

Upper constrictor muscles of the pharynx

68
Q

Where does the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX) provide SENSORY Innervation?

(3)

A

Pharynx

Tongue

Eustachian tube

69
Q

What is damage to the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX) associated with?

(3)

A

Reduced pharyngeal sensation

Decreased gag reflex

Reduced pharyngeal elevation during swallowing

70
Q

What kind of nerve is the Vagus Nerve (X)?

A

Motor and sensory nerve

71
Q

Where does the Vagus Nerve (X) provide MOTOR Innervation?

1+3

A

Striated muscles of the…

  • Soft palate
  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
72
Q

Where does the Vagus Nerve (X) provide SENSORY Innervation?

3+3

A

External auditory meatus

Taste receptors in the posterior pharynx.

Striated muscles of the…

  • Soft palate
  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
73
Q

Where does the Vagus Nerve (X) provide PARASYMPATHETIC/SENSTATION Innervation?

(2)

A

Thorax

Abdominal viscera

74
Q

What are the 3 Branches of the Vagus Nerve (X)?

A

Pharyngeal

Superior laryngeal

Recurrent laryngeal

75
Q

What structure does the Pharyngeal Branch of the Vegus Nerve supply?

76
Q

What structure does the Superior Laryngeal Branch of the Vegus Nerve supply?

A

Cricothyroid

77
Q

What structure does the Recurrent Laryngeal Branch of the Vegus Nerve supply?

78
Q

What do outcomes of Vagus Nerve (X) lesions depend on?

A

The particular branch of the nerve damaged

79
Q

What happens when all the branches of the Vagus Nerve (X) are damaged?

(1+3)

A

Weakness of the…

  • Soft palate
  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
80
Q

What are the differences between unilateral and bilateral lesions to the Vegus Nerve?

(2)

A

In Unilateral Lesions the soft palate hangs on side of injury and pulls to opposite side during phonation

In Bilateral Lesions the soft palate hangs low bilaterally and does not move during phonation

81
Q

What do Unilateral LMN lesions of the Vegus Nerve (X) effect?

(4)

A

Resonance

Voice quality

Swallowing

Phonation (More than Resonance)

82
Q

What do Bilateral LMN lesions of the Vegus Nerve (X) effect?

(4)

A

Resonance

Phonation

Secondary effects on prosody

Secondary effects on precision of articulation

83
Q

What portions of the Accessory Nerve (XI) are SLPS concerned with?

A

Cranial and spinal portion

84
Q

What does the Cranial Portion of the Accessory Nerve (XI) contributes to?

(4)

A

Uvula

Levator veli palatini

Intrinsic laryngeal muscles

Intermingled with fibers of the vagus nerve

85
Q

Why is the Hypoglossal Nerve (XII) Important to SLPs?

A

It receives taste and tactile information important for speech/swallowing

86
Q

What happens when there is damage to hypoglossal nerve or one of its branches?

(2)

A

Isolated tongue weakness;

Consonant (and vowel) distortion

ECU Motor Speech Disorders (16 decks)

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